ICUP Proceedings Search

Increasing biodiversity is one of the many beneficial effects of urban greening. However, increasing biodiversity could also result in an increase of unwanted or pest species such as wild rats. Wild rats can host a wide range of zoonotic pathogens that can cause mild to severe disease in humans. The...

It is of great economical importance to ascertain the efficacy of preservatives against wood decay organisms in order to extend wood products service life. However, due to environmental and health sanitary pressure, it is imperative to find environmentally-friendly alternative to synthetic chemical ...

Pest control activity has evolved paradigmatically in recent years, as well as quality systems development. Our proposal is to collaborate directly with food safety, food loss reduction, equipment repair costs and even with the care of Environmental Health due to the presence of Insects Vectors of d...

Dengue control in India relies heavily on chemical vector control. Treatment of breeding sites for immature mosquito stages is a common practice. Desert coolers appear to be one of the preferred breeding sites for Aedes mosquitoes. Insect Growth Regulators like pyriproxyfen have been studied as an e...

This paper presents a new revised "Checklist of the Mosquitoes in Algeria" based on the development of the mosquito-taxonomic research. While a earlier checklist exist, none have been prepared specifically for Algeria which take into account the extensive studies of the last 20 years. We provide an ...

In Europe there are up to 7 different species of underground termites. In France, Portugal and Spain there are 3 important species: Reticulitermes grassei, Reticulitermes Lucifugus and Reticulitermes flavipes). Presence of R. grassei in Spain, Portugal and France, R. lucifugus in France and Spain an...

In recent years, mosquito surveillance and control programmes have been immersed in a series of threats related to globalisation and climate change that have created new risk scenarios for the transmission of emerging and re-emerging diseases. There is a need to incorporate new tools in order to hel...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate sub-lethal dose effect of deltamethrin on the reproduction of resistant male C. lectularius. The deltamethrin-based product Suspend Polyzone (4.75% deltamethrin, 95.25% other ingredients; Bayer Environmental Science) was applied to 10.16 cm2 raw wood panels ...

Vector-borne diseases have increased in importance becoming a human health concern at global level. For many of these diseases no vaccines are available, then, the personal protection products and the vector control programs will remain essential tools for protection against transmission. In Europe,...

The Phlebotominae include many genera of blood-feeding (hematophagous) flies, including the primary vectors of leishmaniasis. Species belonging to the genus Phlebotomus are responsible of the transmission of this important parasitic disease in Europe. Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic disease, widely spre...

The Asian hornet (Vespa velutina nigrihorax) has been spreading across all the coastal northern regions of the Iberian Peninsula, since it was firstly spotted in Amaiur (Navarra) in August 2010. This invasive species has also penetrated across inland territories. Colonizing not only forests and rura...

In April 2018, the Vector Control Department of Health Madrid received a communication from a pest control company about an Australian cockroach (Periplaneta australasiae) infestation in a building. After an initial inspection of the affected area, the presence of two foci was detected and entomolog...

The knowledge about prevalence of different zoonotic bacteria in rodents is a priority in the surveillance systems in public health. Salmonelosis, Campylobacteriosis, or Listeriosis are some of the most important zoonotic diseases. Their presence, prevalence and distribution is a valuable informatio...

During the summer of 2018 Madrid City Council received an unusual number of complaints related with insect bites near the Manzanares river. Consequently, the Vector Control Department of Health Madrid performed a series of inspections at different points of the river. Which resulted in the verificat...

During the summer of 2018 Madrid City Council received an unusual number of complaints related with insect bites near the Manzanares river. Consequently, the Vector Control Department of Health Madrid performed a series of inspections at different points of the river. Which resulted in the verificat...

In this study we aim to determine the lethal and residual effect of a dual-action insecticide coating (INESFLY SATIS) applied in the interior parts of water tanks on Aedes aegypti under laboratory and semi-field conditions. Contact with treated surfaces during oviposition targets gravid females’ lon...

Some Aedes mosquitoes, mainly Aedes caspius and Aedes detritus, cause relevant nuisances in urban and peri urban areas situated close to some wetlands in Spain. These floodwater mosquitoes are particularly difficult to control at larval stage after intensive rains, since they can quickly colonize la...

Rhinotermes marginalis is a Neotropical termite reported as a minor urban pest in northern Brazil. In southeastern Brazil, it occurs as an exotic introduced pest in the cities of Rio de Janeiro/RJ and Vitória/ES. This study aimed to record R. marginalis in urban areas of other neighborhoods and muni...

The house mouse (Mus musculus) can carry infectious zoonotic agents, including lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). Human LCMV infections are mostly asymptomatic but can cause aseptic meningitis and neurologic birth defects. Serological prevalence in the US is 2-5% in humans and 5% in rodents,...

Tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus) has colonized large areas in the Iberian Peninsula, mainly in the Spanish Mediterranean strip. Its ecological plasticity and new mechanisms of dispersion, among which the communication routes stand out, has allowed it to colonize multiple and dispersed urban areas. ...

Transfluthrin is a volatile pyrethroid based on polyfluorinated benzyl alcohol that is commonly present in household insecticides like coils, electric vaporizers or aerosols used mainly against mosquitoes. Deployed into the air Transfluthrin exerts short-term effects. Due to its molecular structure,...

BASF have developed a non-anticoagulant rodenticide soft bock bait, Selontra® (0.075 % cholecalciferol). In mammals, cholecalciferol toxicity causes death by hypercalcemia - the calcification of soft tissues such as heart, kidney, liver, stomach (inducing a stop-feeding effect). The resulting “stop-...

Ilha do Catalão is located in the urban area of the city of Rio de Janeiro (22°50'44"S, 43°13'19"W), and had part of its Atlantic Forest vegetation recovered, currently with 120 tree species identified. The objective of this work was to identify termite species that infest trees in the island in ord...

Together through their European industry association, A.I.S.E. (the International Association for Soaps, Detergents and Maintenance products), the manufacturers of insecticides and repellents for household and professional use have joined forces in order to communicate to EU Authorities (ECHA, Europ...

Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria are shared between humans and animals but also the intra- and the inter-species exchange of resistance genes are common among bacteria. Multidrug-resistant bacteria have already been identified from sewage samples but there is little data regarding the potential rol...

Reticulitermes flavipes, one of the most harmful subterranean termite pests, was recently reported for the first time from Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain). It is estimated that it was introduced between 2002 and 2005 in the northeast of the island. It affects buildings, crops and both native and or...

Assessing physical barrier on the basis of a laboratory test is an important step on the product development, as those barriers have to remain efficient towards subterranean termites as long as the building is in service. This becomes more challenging when the anti-termite barrier has to resist agai...

At the end of April 2018, a pest control company brought three termite soldiers and some alates to the Urban Pest Advisory Service (UPAS) for species determination. They were found in a building in a medium-sized city on Lake Zurich (Canton Zurich). A mitochondrial DNA analysis by the University of ...

The Public Health Agency of Barcelona (ASPB Catalan acronym) is in charge of the surveillance and control of pests, such as some rodents, in public green areas and sewage system of the City. In the context of recent legal restrictions on the use of rodenticides, the control in green surfaces through...

Cockroaches (Blattodea) are important mechanical vectors for the transmission of many pathogens including bacteria, protozoa, fungi, and viruses, and can contaminate food, water, and affect animals and humans. These pathogens can be carried in different parts of the cockroach body (legs, mouthparts)...

The current urban rodent control servicing model which relies very heavily on baiting with rodenticides is being increasingly challenged, and two studies are reported here that attempt to ‘go back to the basics’ of rodent behavior in order to investigate new avenues for innovation. The ability of se...

The Public Health Agency of Barcelona (ASPB Catalan acronym) is in charge of the surveillance and control of pests, such as cockroaches, in public areas and sewage system of the City. As in other Mediterranean cities, Periplaneta americana has colonized the sewage system of Barcelona in last years, ...

The residual effect of an insecticide is directly related to its formulation, active ingredient and application rates. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of 2 distinct commercial insecticides products against Blattella germanica and Periplaneta americana during the following six...

The control of Blattella germanica represents a major challenge for Brazilian PCOs (Pest Control Operators), due to their great capacity for reproduction and dispersal on tropical weather environments. Several gel bait insecticides have been developed and sold in Brazil, during the past few years, f...

Rodents are frequent pests on a farm environment in Brazil. Among several species that may occur on this kind of facility, there are Rattus rattus and Mus musculus, also known as the roof rat and mouse, respectively. The aim of this study was to evaluate the comparative palatability of 6 distinct bl...

Anopheles fluviatilis is one of the most important malaria vectors in Iran. The aim of this study was to identify Anopheles fluviatilis complex species using proliferation and sequence analysis of ITS2 and also 28.S- D3parts of rDNA gene in southwestern Iran. In this research Anopheles fluviatilis w...

By furthering our understanding of biodiversity in urban landscapes, we can advance our understanding of urban pests. We investigated the complete arthropod community of the indoor biome in 50 houses (located in and around Raleigh, North Carolina, USA). We discovered high diversity, with a conservat...

Subterranean termites are the most economically damaging termites in the U.S. costing $11 billion annually for prevention, treatment, and repair of damage. However, termite colony spatial dynamics are an understudied topic. In previous laboratory studies, termite colonies of different species are ag...

Limited data exist on foraging, agonistic and feeding behavior of subterranean termites of the same species but from different colonies. We conducted research to determine if subterranean termites, Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar) from different colonies may express unusual foraging, agonistic and f...

As part of a study investigating experimental insecticide formulations for control of Argentine ants, Linepithema humile (Mayr), in outdoor locations, the imidacloprid-based product Premise 2 (Bayer Environmental Science) was used as a commercial standard. During the study, Premise 2 provided the mo...

Bed bug (Cimex lectularius) infestations on board aircraft is a growing concern and has substantial financial impact on commercial airlines, in some cases it has resulted in Port Health Authorities grounding aircraft. Airlines that have a proactive approach to bed bug management fare much better tha...

Control of Rattus norvegicus in Brazil is frequently made by applying wax blocks and, more recently, with extruded blocks containing a second generation anticoagulant a.i., where wax blocks have shown low attractiveness. We conducted two field studies to evaluate the attractiveness of a wax block (K...

Microsatellites have been widely used in phylogenetic studies of various groups of insects. This study analyzed the genetic panorama of the urban species of mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus present in Brazil. Nine populations of Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes from all regions of Brazil and one from ...

Four essential oil-based products and a liquid-based borate spray were tested for their efficacy against adult, pyrethroid-resistant, field-strain and Harold Harlan susceptible-strain bed bugs using direct spray applications. The most effective product was Green Bug (100% mortality in one hour or le...

The control of the German cockroach Blattella germanica is a major challenge for Brazilian pest control operators (PCOs) due to their great capacity for reproduction and dispersal. The study described aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the insecticide Thiamethoxam (Optigard LT® 25% – Wettable Granule...

Due to the scarcity of information about the fauna of mosquitoes in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, an investigation was done with the aim of describing the diversity of species present in green areas of municipal parks in the city. Between March 2011 and February 2012, adult and immature mosquitoes ...

A new long-lasting, polymer-enhanced formulation has been developed for suspension concentrates of synthetic pyrethroids which addresses and remedies the above mentioned problems. This polymer technology, called PolyZone™ technology, prolongs the effectiveness of deltamethrin suspension concentrates...

The Argentine ant is a major household pest worldwide and efforts to control it usually involve the use of slow acting insecticides contained in baits, composed of either liquid sugar solutions or solid protein particles. A common toxicant used in commercial baits has been boron, either as borax (so...

We followed the distribution of Linepithema humile colonies over three years in a natural area of the University of Buenos Aires Campus, within the city of Buenos Aires. We determined the extent of multi-nest colonies by means of aggression tests. Colonies involved several nests up to four to five h...

Periplaneta americana is broadly accepted as the major insect pest in the sewage systems of Spain. The environmental conditions of our country, especially in eastern and southern regions, let the populations of this insect develop to enormous numbers with the risk to become a sanitary problem. Commo...

Gel baits are easy to incorporate in pest management programs because they present properties like low toxicity, less environmental risk than sprays, easy handling and proved effectivity. Active ingredients, Fipronil and Imidacloprid, act through ingestion and contact as neurotoxics. Fipronil, a phe...

We record leaf litter ant species richness along a latitudinal gradient in the Atlantic Forest based on systematic surveys in 26 regularly spaced localities, covering almost 20o of latitude, and use this information to describe the response of different leaf-litter ant functional groups to the gradi...

The rats control in environment involves the chemical control using poison baits that are composed by paraffin blocks, mixture of seeds or pellets in packs. Some products used in pest control are natural organic certified rodent. These materials can be distributed externally or around the places usi...

Aiming at determining the population of rodents before and after the chemical treatment promoted by the City Hall of the city of São Paulo, the prevalent species, development phase and sexual ratio were recorded. Also the presence of ectoparasites and the isolation of zoonosis agents, with an emphas...

The objective of this study was to investigate the geographical distribution of ticks in the Boyerahmad city. Survey occurred in the 1/10 of villages in the city from animal shelters, fowl nests, animal bodies and households. Ticks were collected in different seasons. It was collected 2,173 ticks (s...

Blattella germanica is a very important pest in homes, food service establishments and other structures in São Paulo city. The roach bait control is usually recommended. The aim this work was to evaluate the minimal dose of different active ingredients in bait commercial gel to B. germanica control....

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the knockdown effect and effectiveness of imidacloprid 21% + betacyfluthrin 10.5% to control bed bug in laboratory conditions. During the experiment the temperature was ± 2 27oC, relative humidity 66% ± 5 and photoperiod of 12 hours. Imidacloprid 21% + betacyf...

In a semi natural test system for efficacy evaluation of rodenticidal products according to the Infectious Diseases Protection Act of the Federal Republic of Germany, 80 choice tests with Mus musculus and 62 choice tests with Rattus norvegicus from 1984 to 2010 were evaluated. The tests were conduct...

The present study diagnosed diseases present in Rattus rattus by histopathology. The material consisted of 43 specimens captured in the eastern city of São Paulo – Brazil. The animals were necropsied, and the organs were processed histologically and stained with hematoxylin-eosin. Microscopic analys...

Colonies of Reticulitermes hesperus were baited to test the efficacy of lufenuron (ZyroxTM) and to assess reinvasion of the foraging sites vacated by eliminated colonies. Twelve colonies of R. hesperus were characterized with cuticular hydrocarbon analyses, mark-recapture, agonistic behavioral studi...

The presence of pest species forces to realize actions that allow us to control their populations and makes more suitable spaces for the development of human activities into our buildings. Given the characteristics of the urban environments, in where man and pests share an almost permanent life toge...

Reticulitermes santonensis (Rhinotermitidae) is a subterranean termite that infests urban areas in France where it causes serious economic damages. It is largely accepted that French populations of R. santonensis have been founded by the introduction of a North American species, R. flavipes. Underst...

Outbreaks of mysterious skin lesions on multiple personnel at five military installations were initially blamed on spiders. Requests were made for pest inspection and control to remedy the situation. Pesticides were applied at four of the installations even though no medically important arthropods w...

Multiyear studies describing the effects of tree size and initial infestation on efficacy of imidacloprid (Merit 75 WSP) soil drenches against emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis (Fairmaire), were initiated in spring 2004 at two locations in Michigan. Eighty-five green ash trees (Fraxinus pennsyl...

The main aim of this research has been to check the arthropod species present into dependences of the University of Valencia and to state its significance as pests. The study area takes in all the facilities of the University of Valencia. A total of 24 insect species, 1 myriapod and 1 crustacean hav...

Rattus rattus is considered to have a less omnivorous diet than R. norvegicus, preferring fruit, seeds and grains. Therefore, the efficacy of existing commercial (Sorex) difenacoum rodenticide bait formulations against R. rattus was uncertain and studies were undertaken to determine their efficacy. ...

Modern bait formulations have been used successfully to control infestations of the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.) since the mid 1980s. Because of the slow-acting insecticides used in most bait formulations, unmetabolized insecticide may be excreted in the feces and oral secretions, and ...

The entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana Vuillemin 1912 and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin 1976 were tested against Periplaneta americana cockroach under laboratory conditions (1.1 x 106 conidia/cockroach, 24 ± 2°C and 50 ± 10% RH). The isolates tested against nymphs and adults ...

The termite activity of fipronil (Termidor®) termiticide/insecticide was first discovered in 1997. Field research trials produced data showing that fipronil had effects on termites distant from the treated area. Following this discovery, several homes were treated as exterior perimeter only treatmen...

Ten years ago we identified a new European termite species called Reticulitermes urbis in the city of Domène (near Grenoble) in the French Alps. Subsequently our team established a contract with Domène city officials to describe this new taxon and evaluate the termite population in an effort to devi...

German cockroach is the most common pest of urban, low-income housing and is associated with high pesticide use by residents. Cockroach allergen is implicated in asthma exacerbation and initiation and in the growing social and medical aspects of the disease. A safe and secure home environment is an ...

Catches of mosquitoes and sand flies in CO2 traps baited with three different lures and an unbaited control were compared. The lures examined were carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide plus 1-octen-3-ol, and carbon dioxide plus human hair in ethanol. Studies using a 4 x 4 Latin square design, with 3 sets o...

Twelve sites were sampled for the juvenile stages of mosquito populations and these yielded significant larval and pupal populations. The sites sampled, some close to Manchester Airport, and a number of other urban sites where there had been reported incidences of biting of humans. All sites had the...

In fly control, the development of new insecticidal compounds with oral action encourages the development of baits. Imidacloprid, which belongs to the chloronicotinyl class of compounds, is most active when it is ingested and it is used in fly control as a granule for application as scatter bait (Qu...

The European Commission’s Biocidal Products Directive, Council Directive 98/8 EC (BPD), is the largest regulatory exercise ever to affect the urban pest control industry. Its impact is global because any company selling pest control products in the European Union must follow its principles. All acti...

The influence of seasonal ground temperature and relative humidity on cellulose consumption by two native subterranean termite species was evaluated in South Carolina, USA. Seven colonies of Reticulitermes flavipes Kollar and six colonies of R. virginicus (Banks) were studied. In-ground plastic buck...

Rodents are one of the main health problems in the cities, especially in ports. These animals make economic damages and are potential health dangers in Bandar Abbas, the main economic southern port of Iran. In this study, rodents were captured with live traps using tomato, cucumber and cheese baits ...

A new technology is described for in-field dipping of conventional mosquito nets for long lasting efficacy by adding a polymer binder to the deltamethrin treatment. Various polymer binders vary greatly in their ability to improve the retention of deltamethrin on the fiber and ensure resistance of th...

Indoxacarb is an EPA designated reduced risk insecticide. This study was to evaluate indoxacarb for its toxicity, non-repellency, and transmission as liquid termiticide against eastern subterranean termite, Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar). Toxic effectiveness and non-repellency were determined usin...

Termites are considered to be urban pests in Japan, which has a long history of combating the two most economically important subterranean termites [Reticulitermes speratus (Kolbe) and Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki], since Japanese houses are made principally of wood. Approximately half of new home...

Since first identified in the 1980’s, Lyme Disease has become the most widely diagnosed vector-borne disease in the United States. Lyme Disease occurs from the infection of human and animal hosts by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi. Infection of hosts results from the bite and completion of a succ...

We are evaluating natural and synthetic chemicals for their abilities to influence caste differentiation in common midwestern subterranean termites (genus Reticulitermes). This poster presents results of our efforts using Juvenile Hormone (JH) and synthetic JH analogs to induce presoldier and nymph ...

The impact of noviflumuron on whole colonies of Pharaoh’s ants,Monomorium pharaonis L., was investigated in a series of laboratory experiments. Large colonies (tens to several hundred queens, 0.5 to 2 grams brood, and 2,000+ workers contained in nine cm diameter by two cm high plastic Petri dishes w...

Studies were initiated during 2001 to monitor spatial and genetic distribution of subterranean termite colonies associated with residential structures prior to making a full-label or perimeter- only application of fipronil (Termidor 80%WG or a 9.1%SC). Eight residential structures with active infest...

Characterization of populations of subterranean termites on a research facility in New Orleans, La., determined that a number of living trees were infested with the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki. The amount of internal tree damage was evaluated using a resistograph. T...

The Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanusShiraki, is a serious pest in several parts of the world and is one of the most destructive insects in Louisiana, USA. A pilot test was begun in 1998 to determine the effectiveness of area-wide management on this insect and to reduce its densi...

From October 1997 through April 2000, the Occupational Safety and Health Branch located in the Division of Safety, Office of Research Services, National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Md., initiated a pilot IPM program in research laboratories. The program was conducted to examine application of ...

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the genetic variation and gene flow of Coptotermes formosanus(Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) in the Atlanta, Georgia, metropolitan area using multi-locus DNA markers. Previous research from this lab using maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA sequence marker...

The Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), is currently considered the most destructive insect in Louisiana. It attacks living trees eating the centers and constructing a carton nest within. Infested trees can serve as reservoirs for termites to in...

Field trials involving seventy rural households from three villages in Mozambique were established to test whether intensive daily trapping inside household-level food stores could effectively reduce rodent pest populations. The main species caught inside dwellings where food was stored were Rattus ...

New findings on the geographical distribution and ecto- and endoparasites of Rattus norvegicus, Rattus rattus, and Mus musculuswere recorded in 1999-2000. Seven specimens ofR. rattuswere trapped in the coastal plain of Israel, six of these in the Haifa area and one in Tel Aviv. Up to this record, th...

Hexaflumuron is a chitin synthesis inhibitor registered in the United States solely as a termite bait active ingredient. A benzoylphenyl urea insect growth regulator, with the proposed common name of noviflumuron, is being developed by Dow AgroSciences for use as the active ingredient in a termite b...

To investigate the social organization of Reticulitermes flavipes, we studied three populations in undisturbed wooded areas of North Carolina - one in each of the Piedmont, the Blue Ridge Mountains and the Coastal Plain regions. We collected workers from natural wood debris, genotyped 20 workers per...

Subterranean termites of the genus Reticulitermes play a critical role in decomposition of dead wood in natural ecosystems. But in urban areas they are pests that cause serious damage. Reticulitermes santonensis Feytaud is found in distinct areas in Paris (France). More than half the neighborhoods (...

Some strains of the hyphomycete fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae, are highly virulent for various species of Australian termites. One of these, FI-610, has been selected for control of Coptotermes spp. and Nasutitermes exitiosus, and shown to kill mound and tree nests when sufficient dry conidia are a...

House flies Musca domestica (L.) are a nuisance to humans and animals and are potential vectors of pathogens. One of the methods to control flies is using attractive odours to lure them to a trap (Cossé and Baker, 1996). However, existing commercially available baits showed variable results (Browne,...

Periplaneta americana is a remarkable pest in urban environments. At present, it is the most common species in Valencia city keeping Blatta orientalis in a secondary position. Is is highly adaptable and, in favorable conditions, shows fast proliferation and dispersal. Special difficulties in its con...

A survey of university entomology departments teaching urban and industrial pest management topics was conducted as was a survey of prominent and less prominent structural pest control companies. Universities were asked what topics they were teaching and the time devoted to each. Companies were aske...

The recuperation of wetlands with high ecological value constitutes one of the major environmental goals of wildlife conservation authorities in the Region of Valencia. However, the recuperation of wetlands involves some problems such as the re-appearance of suitable habitats for the proliferation o...

The Pantry PatrolÔ is a new trapping system for use by professional pest managers and for introduction into the domestic market. Sex pheromones for Plodia interpunctella, Ephestia kuehniella, E. cautella, Lasioderma serricorne, Trogoderma variabile, and T. granarium and aggregation pheromones for th...

Periplaneta americana is one of the most important problems in Spanish Mediterranean Coast cities so, it must make periodic insecticide treatments in sewers of these cities. Most formulates that are using now for their control have relatively low persistance and this forces to increasing the treatme...

Diverse plant-dervived defense compounds present an intriguing model for exploring termite responses in controlled environments. Our group is identifying terpene and sesquiterpene constituents of folded, volatile oils distilled from a variety of citrus products. These oils include the pyryl alcohols...

The present investigation demonstrates the effect of a single treatment with a chitin synthesis inhibitor (lufenuron) on small, medium and large nymphs as well as adults of the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.). The trial was conducted as a long-term field study in three mass food producing...

The utility of fipronil and perhaps other phenylpyrazoles for German cockroach, Blattella germanica, control may be affected by resistance to cyclodienes in field populations, because of cross resistance between these two classes of insecticides. Field populations of B. germanica were sampled for th...

Prevention of termite attack is preferable to remedial control. This can be accomplished through good architectural design, use of termite-resistant building materials, installation of physical or chemical barriers to prevent subterranean termite penetration, and possibly also installation of termit...

The distance and speed that workers of Argentine ant, Linepithema humile (Mayr), dispersed food was determined by feeding colonies sucrose + red dye. The maximum distances that the dye was dispersed was 33, 48, and 54 m at 24, 48, and 72 hours, respectively. The addition of 0.001% and 0.0001% fipron...

Populations of Formosan subterranean termites, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, were characterized on a 141,645 m2 research facility in New Orleans, Louisiana. 32.7% of loblolly pines (Pinus taeda), 12.5% cedar (Juniperus sp.), 8.2% live oaks (Quercus virginiana), and 4.6% of baldcypress (Taxodium di...

Trapping and monitoring experiments were conducted in the roof spaces of four buildings infested with deathwatch beetle, Xestobium rufovillosum de Geer (Coleoptera: Anobiidae). Data from sticky traps and an ultra-violet insectocutor showed that adult deathwatch beetles were trapped during the months...

Preliminary studies in experimental structures at Agricultural Research Service in Gainesville resulted in the development of a rabbit-anti-cockroach polyclonal ELISA inhibition system for assessing spatial distribution of cockroach antigens for subsequent mitigation interventions. The system was te...

In Europe the Lyme disease spirochetes, B. burgdorferi s.l., are maintained naturally in enzootic cycles involving wildlife reservoirs, such as Clethrionomys glareolus and Apodemus flavicollis, and ixodid tick vectors, primarily Ixodes ricinus. Although the disease is generally associated with fores...

Monitoring stations of were used to observe foraging and feeding behavior of Reticulitermes at the Institute of Forest Genetics (IFG) near Placerville, and at a site in Novato. At IFG 53 monitoring stations were used by cuticular hydrocarbon phenotype A, 10 by phenotype B, and 5 by phenotype C. At N...

Using triple-mark-recapture and agonistic behavior studies one colony, consisting of 7 monitoring stations, was determined to consist of approximately 147,000 Reticulitermes foragers. This single colony was baited using Sentricon™ Termite Colony Elimination System. Sixty days later termites were abs...

Many historical sites in Italy suffer severe damages to wood structures, works of art and ancient books due to well established subterranean termite populations (Reticulitermes sp., R. lucifugus lucifugus, R. lucifugus corsicus). In six field tests, termite colonies were treated with a baiting proce...

A weak link in the implementation of effective termite baiting techniques is reliable recruitment of termite foragers to baits. Little is known about how termites locate food sources, but many factors may influence whether foragers find and recruit to a given bait. These include the abundance and pa...

The oriental rat flea, Xenopsylla cheopis, was considered the parasite of the two rat species in Israel, Rattus norvegicus and Rattus rattus, in their area of common distribution along the coastal plain. This flea does not exist on R. rattus which is found in the interior of the country. After R. no...

Among argasid ticks, Argas reflexus is one of the main parasites entering and living in houses in many Israeli towns. Its hosts are birds, mainly doves, closely linked with human dwellings. A. latus, a member of the A. reflexus group known only from Turkmenistan, was found in houses in several areas...

Carpenter ants feed on both liquid and solid food. Baiting for carpenter ants has proceeded using both of these media to introduce toxicants into the colony for control. Ingestion of food particles larger than 100 microns is effectively curtailed by the specializations of the epipharynx, hypopharynx...

Aspects of the feeding preferences and behavior patterns of cockroaches, and the influence of environmental factors such as the delivery system may contribute to the efficacy of toxic baits for cockroach control. The research objectives were to evaluate the influence of bait stations on the feeding ...

The utility of pheromone enhanced ant baits was investigated using fire ants as the model organism. The enhanced bait consisted of hydramethylnon (active ingredient), soybean oil (phagostimulant and Ai solvent), defatted corn grit (carrier), and 'invictolide', a component of the fire ant queen recog...

Cockroaches require relatively warm conditions and in the UK are mainly confined to buildings. These insects are capable of carrying food-poisoning bacteria and causing allergies. To avoid these adverse health effects the risk of cockroach infestations in buildings needs to be minimised. This paper ...

The housefly Musca domestica L. belongs to the most important hygiene pests world-wide - especially in livestock. Due to its fast development and high reproductive rate the housefly has developed severe resistance against commonly used insecticides. Sometimes resistance problems against new active i...

Silica dusts with different physical properties were tested against the German cockroach Blattella germanica. The dusts varied in their effects on cockroach mortality according to their physical properties. Oil adsorption, pore volume and surface area were the most important characteristics while pa...

Woodworm or furniture beetle Anobium punctatum can cause serious damage to wooden objects and the structural timber in buildings. In the light of recent evidence of the reduced incidence of this pest in museum objects and in buildings it is timely to re-examine the need for chemical treatments and a...

The applied objectives for bait-toxicant against subterranean termites are at minimum the suppression of foraging activity and ideally the elimination of the entire colony population. Subterranean termite colonies containing hundreds of thousands to millions of individuals may forage up to I50 m in ...

Pest Management is an important environmental health function and the eradication of chronic pest infestations must be considered a priority in contributing to effective public health. This is especially true in a hospital environment where, in addition to aesthetic objections, the presence of infes...

Participation at approved training seminars incurs costs and limits work availability for urban pest control company owners, supervisors, and service technicians. However, the continued need for training to properly control pests, and to acquire or renew a license forces pest control operators to co...

A formulation consisting of the pyrethroid insecticide alphacypermethrin and flufenoxuron, an acylurea insect growth regulator, has been shown to give effective and persistent control of cockroach infestations after a single treatment. Flufenoxuron is a new high performance residual insecticide for ...

A betacyfluthrin SC containing 12.5% active ingredient was introduced to the pest control market (Responsar SCm). Applications by pest control professionals have shown good efficacy against Blattella germanica. On porous surfaces the particles stay more on the surface and are not so readily absorbed...

Patented Film Forming Aqueous Spray Technology or 'FFAST' has been used to develop AquaPy, a water based product containing synergised pyrethrins for use in the control of public health and hygiene pests. This product is highly flexible and can be applied undiluted through Ultra Low Volume (ULV) spr...

The results of a four year study with six termiticides including: bifenthrin, chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, fenvalerate, permethrin, and isofenphos indicate significant differences in effectiveness among products applied to different soil types in Texas. Each of the five field test locations represent...

A large scale resistance management programme is currently being undertaken in Chiapas, Southern Mexico. this paper reports the baseline levels of resistance as detected by bioassays and biochemical assays in the mosquito Anopheles albimanus in the study area. A high level of resistance to DDT and l...

Insecticidal space sprays are widely and effectively used for control of insects in the urban environment. They are especially useful for flying insect control, be it for disease vector or nuisance pest, but space sprays can also be very effective for rapid control of crawling pests such as cockroac...

Pests are attracted to buildings for shelter, food and harbourage. They will take advantage of many different types of hiding places, from tiny crevices to large hollow spaces. The benefits of these hiding places to pests are two fold. Firstly concealment can allow quite large populations to develop...

Several types of Culigel@ superabsorbent polymers were evaluated as matrices for the controlled release and/or encapsulation of insect growth regulators, bacteria, or organophosphates for long-term control of immature mosquitoes or adult and immature cockroaches. Bioassays against mosquito larvae wi...

Adult cat fleas often survive several weeks without feeding. However, when newly emerged adults were maintained on filter paper treated with pyriproxyfen at 1.1 pg/cm, they lived only 8 days, compared with low mortality in the controls. Dying fleas examined histologically showed evidence of fat body...

Pest control treatments in museums, galleries and historic collections have traditionally been reactive, in response to damage or insect pests being found. Where control treatments or prophylactic measures are taken the pesticides, adjuvants and caniers can themselves be damaging to historic materia...

The ability of Aprostocetus (Tetrastichus) hagenowii (Ratzeburg) to find oothecae in plumbing chases infested with American cockroaches was evaluated using different release strategies for six weeks. This pilot study used forty-three plumbing chases. Chases were assigned one of four treatments (rele...

Laboratory from 1987 to 1991. A screening of the insecticide resistance in B. germanica in some selected locations was conducted with permethrin using tarsal contact tests to estimate KT50, (/WHO/VBC/75.593). Based on these data more detailed measurement of the resistance in the German Cockroaches f...