ICUP Proceedings Search

Yellow scorpion Tityus serrulatus has a widely distribution in populations areas of Brazil facility for parthenogenesis reproduction and with major seriousness potential of poisoning. T. serrulatus is frequently found in cemetery device Periplaneta americana population present in this area. The obje...

The residual effect of an insecticide is directly related to its formulation, active ingredient and application rates. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of 2 distinct commercial insecticides products against Blattella germanica nymphs during the following six months after their...

Increasing biodiversity is one of the many beneficial effects of urban greening. However, increasing biodiversity could also result in an increase of unwanted or pest species such as wild rats. Wild rats can host a wide range of zoonotic pathogens that can cause mild to severe disease in humans. The...

Dengue control in India relies heavily on chemical vector control. Treatment of breeding sites for immature mosquito stages is a common practice. Desert coolers appear to be one of the preferred breeding sites for Aedes mosquitoes. Insect Growth Regulators like pyriproxyfen have been studied as an e...

Peridomestic cockroaches require control strategies adopted to their behaviour and habitats. American cockroaches (Periplaneta americana) and Oriental cockroaches (Blatta orientalis) are often found in sewer systems which are appropriate places for insecticide treatments. New advanced paint formulat...

Larvae and adults of Korynetes caeruleus (de Geer 1775) (Coleoptera: Cleridae) were collected from old churches and reared in the laboratory on Anobium punctatum (de Geer 1774) (Coleoptera, Ptinidea, formerly Anobiidae). Breeding success of K. caeruleus was low, but basic parameters of this species’...

Two new technologies (spray with a pheromone adjuvant + biodegradable hydrogel bait delivery method) were used to develop a unique IPM protocol for Argentine ant at urban structural settings. The IPM protocol included a one-time perimeter treatment with 0.03% fipronil (mixed with a pheromone adjuvan...

Larvae and adults of Korynetes caeruleus (de Geer 1775) (Coleoptera: Cleridae) were collected from old churches and reared in the laboratory on Anobium punctatum (de Geer 1774) (Coleoptera, Ptinidea, formerly Anobiidae). Breeding success of K. caeruleus was low, but basic parameters of this species’...

Bed bug infestations are most likely to establish close to human resting and sleeping area. We took advantage of the stereotyped feeding behaviour of bed bugs and developed a diatomaceous earth (DE) loaded tape, Nattaro Safe (NS), to be installed between bed bug harbourage and feeding place. DE abso...

Alternatives to anticoagulants have presented limitations in their use and/or efficacy. BASF have developed a non-anticoagulant rodenticide bait containing cholecalciferol (vitamin D3). A beneficial feature of cholecalciferol is that it is effective against all anticoagulant resistant strains of rat...

Pest control strategies would become more effective if semiochemicals (volatile organic signalling compounds) instead of foods were used as lures and bait additives. This is because (1) they can be encapsulated into non-perishable lure products that emit a sustained odour for extended time periods t...

Anticoagulant rodenticides are the most commonly used pesticides worldwide that inhibit blood coagulation by suppressing the activity of the vitamin K epoxide reductase (VKOR). Resistance to these compounds has been reported in multiple rodent populations in different countries, and numerous studies...

For nearly a decade, the wood pest Anobium punctatum has been effectively controlled in historic monuments with its natural antagonist Spathius exarator. This braconid wasp parasitizes its host species by piercing its ovipositor directly through the wood surface followed by oviposition onto the beet...

The mosquito species Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1895) has spread rapidly in Europe over the last 40 years and has been established as an invasive species in Germany for the last 15 years. In 2019, individual specimens were found for the first time in the allotments “SÜD I”, “SÜD II” and the adjacent “...

Aedes albopictus was firsT reported in Valencia (Eastern Spain) in 2015. Once its establishment was confirmed, several mosquito management actions were applied in order to minimize its impact, including routinely larvicide treatments in public city catch basins, attendance of citizen complaints link...

The control of Blattella germanica represents a major challenge for Brazilian PCOs (Pest Control Operators), due to their great capacity for reproduction and dispersal on tropical weather environments. Several gel bait insecticides have been developed and sold in Brazil, during the past few years, f...

Periplaneta americana and Blattella germanica are pests of great importance in urban areas, mainly due to their role as vectors of pathogens and capability of causing allergies. The interspecific differences between these cockroaches can lead to different results in their control. No chemical (liqui...

The residual effect of an insecticide is directly related to its formulation, active ingredient and application rates. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of 2 distinct commercial insecticides products against Blattella germanica and Periplaneta americana during the following six...

Urban pest management in Spain, which involves prevention and control, corresponds to the municipalities. The data, key elements and conclusions of a continuous analysis of 10 years of the Madrid Municipality pest control program against sewer system cockroaches (Blatta orientalis and Periplaneta am...

Initially infestations of houses by Cimex lectularius were sporadically detected in the middle of the previous decade and increased over the past years. Data obtained by the Environmental Health Department have shown events increase by 1000% in the past five years for the whole city. Among the 21 Ci...

Industrial sites are in conflicting with nature if it comes to birds. The roofs and ledges of factories and other buildings are an ideal habitat for birds to breed and forage. These places are often without human presence, making them an optimal place for birds to perch. The presence of birds and gu...

Under increase of pressure on nature, many organisms have adapted to a new environment and began an active attack on new ecosystems. Urbanized communities are part of the biosphere and live according to the fundamental laws of ecology. Urban green plantations having both alive and dead phytomass are...

The aim of this study is to present a methodology for Cryptotermes brevis control in such a fragile, old building environment. The described treatment was undertaken at Igreja Matriz Nossa Senhora da Candelária, a church built in 1780 at Itu city, São Paulo. Its presbytery is made of cedar and was b...

The efficacy of Altriset® 20SC (AI, chlorantraniliprole) in controlling structural infestations of the eastern subterranean termite, Reticulitermes flavipes, was assessed in Ohio, North Carolina, and Texas. Prior to chlorantraniliprole treatment, termites were collected from the structure as well as...

Present study was carried out to test the residual activity of deltamethrin EC 1.5%, K-Othrine EC 1.5% and deltamethrin WP 5% under laboratory conditions on five different surfaces i.e. cement (concrete), mud, plaster, wood and filter paper. Four blocks were prepared for each surface, from which one...

This paper will show the practical use of a braconid wasp species (Spathius exarator) as a biological control method for Anobium. punctatum. The parasitic wasp parasitizes its host by piercing its ovipositor directly through the wood surface followed by oviposition onto the furniture beetle larva. A...

Whole-home thermal remediation for bed bug control was conducted in fourteen apartment units in Lynchburg, Virginia. Apartment units were divided into categories of low, medium, or high levels of clutter to determine if the time to bed bug lethal temperature (55o C), and treatment efficacy were infl...

The objective of this study was to implement and evaluate bed bug detection systems in low-income, high-rise housing for the elderly and disabled. In a previous study, one, two or four ClimbUp Insect Interceptors BG or the BlackOut BedBug Detectors placed per apartment resulted in 80% to 90% bed bug...

An important aspect to consider in biological pest control is the formulation of biopesticides, since it may interfere with the effectiveness of the control target. The aim of this study was to evaluate the kinetics of surface tension and contact angle of droplets formed in suspensions of Metarhiziu...

As part of a study investigating experimental insecticide formulations for control of Argentine ants, Linepithema humile (Mayr), in outdoor locations, the imidacloprid-based product Premise 2 (Bayer Environmental Science) was used as a commercial standard. During the study, Premise 2 provided the mo...

Ticks and their caused diseases lyme disease and TBE are an increasingly discussed topic in Switzerland. The habitat preferences of ticks have been studied frequently, but there exist almost no data about the abundance of ticks in urban areas. Due to that, the purpose of this study was to examine th...

Periplaneta americana is a vector of various diseases and its control is usually done with chemical pesticides. However, this insect can be controlled with the use of entomopathogenic fungal formulations. Therefore, it is necessary to identify these control agents and also characterize sprays used i...

The aim of this work was to evaluated to a minimal dose and minimal lethal time of Fipronil and Hydramethylnone bait gel formulation at a concentration of 0.05 and 2.15%. The insects were food deprived during 24 hours and after confined individually with the respective dose of the gel, water and foo...

A unique mixture of polymeric compounds for effective control of various insect species was tested. When applied in a free form or mixed with insecticide formulation has provided quick and even spreading increasing the likelihood that the toxicant will be transferred by contact enhancing the bioavai...

The control of the German cockroach Blattella germanica is a major challenge for Brazilian pest control operators (PCOs) due to their great capacity for reproduction and dispersal. The study described aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the insecticide Thiamethoxam (Optigard LT® 25% – Wettable Granule...

Inside a two year old family house, clothes moth adults appeared in all rooms in 2012. Inspection of clothes did not find any moths. The moth population was heavy, with at least 10 moths caught daily. Thermal fogging inside the house with deltamethrin reduced flying moths for no more than 14 days. T...

This study sought to determine the role of Musca. domestica, sampled from UK hospitals, as reservoirs of pathogenic bacteria. M. domestica were collected from pre-existing ultra-violet light flytraps located throughout the hospitals. External washings and macerates of M. domestica were prepared and ...

Dengue virus is transmitted by female mosquito Aedes aegypti and it consists of the most common flavivirus infection. Pakistan is also at high risk of dengue epidemics. The present study focused on the redescription of Aedes aegypti and the detection of dengue virus from 685 field collected larvae o...

Limited data exist on foraging, agonistic and feeding behavior of subterranean termites of the same species but from different colonies. We conducted research to determine if subterranean termites, Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar) from different colonies may express unusual foraging, agonistic and f...

Field studies of two area repellent aerosol formulations with transfluthrin and permethrin active ingredients were carried out against mixed freshwater mosquitoes near Humpty Doo, Northern Territory and against flies (a mixed population of house flies, Musca domestica and bush flies Musca vetustissi...

The bed bug Cimex lectularius L. is blood-feeding parasite of humans, bats and different domestic animals. In the early 1990s, pest management professionals began to see an increase in beg bug infestations across the world. Now the bed bug problem is very important in many countries, however, in Rus...

Keratophagous moths don’t have the medical or epidemiological significance, but in the urban environment they occupy specific niche as synanthropic arthropod pests. Nearly 30 species of keratophagous moths can be found out on the territory of Russian Federation. Our most common pest species is the w...

Coptotermes gestroi is an introduced pest of substantial economic impact in Brazil. A colony of this subterranean termite builds polycalic nests and uses simultaneously several food resources. However, there is no record of the flow of castes through the “calies” and among the different food sources...

The objective of this report was to evaluate the integrated termite control with different insecticides chemistry and formulations. It was done a complete survey of the infestations and established a maintenance project, the strengthening of the deteriorated woods and insecticide treatment. The trea...

Here I review the application of genetic techniques to subterranean termite studies, focusing on their contributions to applied science. Current use of molecular genetic methods in the area of termite management fall into two main categories: 1.) taxonomy and species identification; and 2.) colony i...

The German cockroach (Blattella germanica) is host for several parasites. Due to the high population density in laboratory cultures of cockroaches, transmission rates of parasites as well as parasite prevalence can also be high. Cockroaches are important test organisms for efficacy testing of insect...

Ants are social insects that can be found almost in every terrestrial environment around the world. As in natural environment, the artificial environments are excellent places to install nests, but when installed in human habitations they are considered urban pests, because of the inconvenience caus...

Blattella germanica is considered one of the main pests found in commercial shops mainly foodstuff. Excessive use of insecticides, flaws in the applications of pyrethroid group insecticides, and failure on rotation of chemical groups, result in selection of resistant cockroaches populations, which i...

The cockroach Blattela germanica (L. 1767) is the most important synanthropic specie to develop high populations in habitations. This study has evaluated the mortality of B. germanica exposed to different treated areas in equivalent amount of insecticides to verify the mortality caused by pesticides...

Mogi Guaçu is a city in southeastern Brazil with 140,000 inhabitants, where the epidemics of dengue are very recent. In 2001 there were only 14 cases, but the incidence increased in the recent years, reaching 566 cases in 2008 and only 21 cases in 2009 (atypical year). The Brateau index for the city...

Health services are colonized by urban pests, being generally an integral part of urban infrastructure, especially considering the neotropical climate that is warm and wet. Therefore, pest control is widely quoted in our legislation and hospitals should be free of pests. In practice, it is observed ...

Subterranean termites are widely known by their substantial damage in urban areas. Coptotermes gestroi is an alien species originated from Asia, introduced accidently in Brazil, where is responsible for severe economical impact. To reduce the use of insecticides in the termite management, some resea...

Heterotermes convexinotatus (Snyder 1924) belongs to the group of subterranean termites, it is regarded as an important pest in passion fruit and corn crops in Venezuela and Colombia, it has also been found in Citrus orchards at the Caribbean coast of Colombia. In urban zones it had only been report...

Modern agriculture, field management and control for urban pests distribution needs regular monitoring. The cheapest method of monitoring is biological one. The most effective variant of biomonitoring is phenogenetic one. The question within which limits of accuracy it is possible to estimate the fu...

Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever represent one of the greatest challenges to public health at a world level. One of the approaches to mosquito control is the use of chemicals to kill the different stages of the mosquito life cycle. In São Paulo, the chemical control of Aedes aegypti is carried ou...

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the knockdown effect and effectiveness of imidacloprid 21% + betacyfluthrin 10.5% to control bed bug in laboratory conditions. During the experiment the temperature was ± 2 27oC, relative humidity 66% ± 5 and photoperiod of 12 hours. Imidacloprid 21% + betacyf...

To combat vectors and the public health hazards they represent, many European countries have established their own vector control programs. Such programs may benefit from a more standardized approach to enable to compare obtained results, share compatible data and tackle transboundary issues. The VB...

Blattella germanica is a very important pest in homes, food service establishments and other structures in São Paulo city. The roach bait control is usually recommended. The aim this work was to evaluate the minimal dose of different active ingredients in bait commercial gel to B. germanica control....

This paper evaluated the attractibility, palatability and efficacy of bromadiolone paraffin block exposed for 30 days to environmental conditions. It was used four groups of white Wistar rats: two groups received no-exposed blocks (control group) and two groups received blocks exposed for 30 days to...

To evaluate the potential of ants as vectors of mycobacteria in a hospital specialized in the care of patients with tuberculosis of the São Paulo State, Brazil, ants were collected from different areas between 2008 and 2010. Procedures for isolation and identification of mycobacteria were performed,...

Exploitation of very high or low temperatures for bed bug, Cimex lectularius, control can be a supporting measure or even an alternative to chemical control methods. To observe the influence of heat, groups of adults, juveniles and eggs (group size = 20 individuals) were exposed to ambient temperatu...

The Urban Pest Advisory Service (UPAS) is responsible for urban pests in the city of Zurich, Switzerland. We advise approximately 2’000 people per year who have questions or problems regarding arthropods and their control, we survey the pest situation in the city and control rats in public areas. Si...

Current regulatory framework. The placing on the market on biocidal products in the European Union is governed by Directive 98/8/EC (http://eurlex. europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:31998L0008:EN:NOT). The current Directive establishes a two-step process of approval: 1. evaluation of the ...

The results about the analysis and characterization of several different anomalies induced on Culex pipiens L. (Diptera, Culicidae) by 2 commercial formulations widely used in the mosquitoes larvae control in Spain, Dimilin 25® and Sumilarv 10EC®, are presented. Tests and effect evaluation have been...

Colonies of Reticulitermes hesperus were baited to test the efficacy of lufenuron (ZyroxTM) and to assess reinvasion of the foraging sites vacated by eliminated colonies. Twelve colonies of R. hesperus were characterized with cuticular hydrocarbon analyses, mark-recapture, agonistic behavioral studi...

Chronic cockroach infestations, high cockroach allergen levels, and repeated insecticide use is a serious health concern among low-income residents living in multi-family housing. Surveys in 358 randomly selected apartments in Gary, Indiana in 2006 revealed that 30% of the apartments were infested w...

Cases of undesirable contacts of people with yellowjackets on the territory of European part of Russia have become much more frequent recently. The yellowjacket pest problem rises usually in natural habitats of these insects changed as a result of a human economic activity (countryside plots, campsi...

The overall objective of the study was to examine the efficacy of house dust mite control (permethrin impregnated bedding and active vacuum cleaning) to relieve symptoms of atopic asthma. The design was a double- blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial of patients with atopic asthma that was app...

Imidacloprid, acetamiprid, thiamethoxam and thiacloprid have the same mode of action. They are agonists the nicotinic acethylcholine receptor, affecting the synapses in the insect central nervous system. These insecticides are gaining widespread use for controlling urban insect pests in Russia. Four...

Termite activity had been continuously monitored in four sections of City Park since 2002. Between 2002 and 2005, 12 distinct Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, colonies had been delineated using mark-release-recapture techniques. This study examines how the distribution ...

The knockdown activity after 1, 24 and 48 hr and mortality after 24 and 48 hr against 4th instar larvae (female, male) of Plodia interpunctella, were evaluated on glass, ceramic tile and porous tile. Groups of 20 larvae were placed for 5 or 15 minutes in an artificially lighted environment at 25±2°C...

Mass emergences of adult caddisflies often lead to severe nuisance conditions. The objective of this study is to clarify the abundance and seasonal trend of adult caddisflies in the middle reaches of the Shinano River. All of the adult caddisflies attracted to the illuminated showcase of a vending m...

Baiting offers an integral tool in the management of ants. Baiting trials with Camponotus modoc were successful in 55% of field trials with two granular, three gel, and two containerized baits in 2005-2007. Results with two granular, three gel, and four containerized baits in laboratory trials yield...

Seven commercial pest control products were assayed against Cimex lectularius (L.) adults and 4th instar nymphs under laboratory conditions for 48 hr. After initial exposure a selection of the porous plates were aged under mixed lighting, at 22ºC for 5 weeks, and assayed using 4th instar nymphs to d...

The entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana Vuillemin 1912 and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin 1976 were tested against Periplaneta americana cockroach under laboratory conditions (1.1 x 106 conidia/cockroach, 24 ± 2°C and 50 ± 10% RH). The isolates tested against nymphs and adults ...

Aedes (Stegomyia) female mosquitoes feed on sap of herbaceous indoor plants and blood of small mammals. This study investigates whether the female Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus provided with sugar solution and mouse blood are still attracted to human after feeding. Laboratory caged females of Aedes...

Reticulitermes santonensis (Rhinotermitidae) is a subterranean termite that infests urban areas in France where it causes serious economic damages. It is largely accepted that French populations of R. santonensis have been founded by the introduction of a North American species, R. flavipes. Underst...

Although the majority of flaviviruses are endemic in tropical or sub-tropical region, certain species are often detected in Europe as well. In central Europe, the Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus is endemic in several geographic regions. Amongst the mosquito-borne flaviviruses the West Nile virus (WNV)...

Tapinoma melanocephalum F. (Ghost Ant) infestations have increased in Western Europe. Generally, Ghost Ant infestations resemble those of Monomorium pharaonis (Pharaoh’s Ant) with a focus to older, multi-unit apartment blocks which offer a multitude of nesting opportunities and easy migration of ant...

Rodents are able to transfer more than 35 diseases to human and also cause huge damages on the economy of many countries. Khoram-Abbad district is located in mountainous area, Zagrous mountain chains, Southwest of Iran. Due to presence of varying ecosystems in this district, many species of rodents ...

Rats ( Norway rat and roof rat ) and mice are commensal rodents, that is, they live in close association with human. Rodents cause numerous problems such as spread serious diseases, consume or contaminate food supply, carry ectoparasites which potentially spread diseases, start fires and cause great...

The toxicity of granular ant bait formulations containing abamectin B1, orthoboric acid, or propoxur was evaluated in a series of laboratory experiments against American, Periplaneta americana (L.), and German, Blattella germanica (L.), cockroaches. LT50 values for American cockroaches ranged from &...

The German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.) and the Smooth cockroach, Symploce pallens (Stephens) are important cosmopolitan household pests which infest hotels, restaurants and apartments. Coprophagy is defined as the behavior of fecal consumption. It plays an important role in providing nutrien...

The number of organisms living within urban biocenosis increases. Assimilation of urban biocenosis by pests is a process of microevolution. It has limits. Qualitative limits are determined by the Vavilov law. Study of close species adaptation, we may predict adaptive potencies of all families. e.g, ...

This descriptive survey studied comparison of malaria cases, epidemiological and entomological serves, insecticides used and mean temperature, relative humidity and amounts of rain fall in a ten year period (1994-2003).The most important species of anopheline vectors include: Anopheles stephensi, An...

All disasters have an impact on the health sector, whether due to the need to protect the population’s health during emergency situations and disasters. Availability and quality of the health information are very important, because they form the basis for understanding the fundamentals of health pol...

Indoxacarb is an EPA designated reduced risk insecticide. This study was to evaluate indoxacarb for its toxicity, non-repellency, and transmission as liquid termiticide against eastern subterranean termite, Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar). Toxic effectiveness and non-repellency were determined usin...

The current study, in three methods, topical application, surface contact (WHO glass jar) method and toxic baits, was designed to investigate the relationship between permethrin German cockroach (Blattella germanica (L.)) resistant strains and fipronil. Twelve German cockroach strains used in this s...

This investigation was carried out in several different parts of Iran during 1998-2001. Out of 9799 female Anopheles captured by different methods, An. fluviatilis comprised 35.5%, An. dthali 30.3%, An. stephensi 29.4%, An. sergentii 4.6%, An. culicifacies, An. turkhudi and An. superpictus were 0.2%...

Nine species, 168 individuals of rodents were live trapped and examined for parasitic arthropods in 24 localities in khoramabad from July 2002 through May 2003. Seven species of ectoparasites were collected: 1 species of sucking lice (Anoplura), 3 species of fleas (Siphonaptera), immature stages of ...

Two spiders of possible medical importance in the Pacific Northwest were chosen for this study: the hobo spider, Tegenaria agrestis, male and female, and the black widow, Latrodectus hesperus, female. Three management strategies were investigated with chemicals applied to the substrate, spider webbi...

The Biocidal Products Directive (98/8/EC), or BPD, is a recent piece of pan-European legislation that has been incorporated into the national law of each member state. It will regulate all biocidal products that are not covered by earlier legislation that deals with crop protection products (91/414/...

Sucrose intake rate and percent effort (a variable which describes the amount of energy an insect uses to feed on a liquid) was quantified for Solenopsis invicta Buren. In other words, how much energy does the insect gain and how much energy is lost in the feeding event? In order to understand this ...

Five insecticide bait formulations have been evaluated for their attractiveness to adults of Brown-banded Cockroach, Supella longipalpa (F.) in laboratory trials. The gel formulations contained one of the following active ingredients (a.i.): hydramethylnon, imidacloprid, fipronil. Tests were carried...

Since first identified in the 1980’s, Lyme Disease has become the most widely diagnosed vector-borne disease in the United States. Lyme Disease occurs from the infection of human and animal hosts by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi. Infection of hosts results from the bite and completion of a succ...

Termites are considered to be urban pests in Japan, which has a long history of combating the two most economically important subterranean termites [Reticulitermes speratus (Kolbe) and Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki], since Japanese houses are made principally of wood. Approximately half of new home...

Odorous house ant, Tapinoma sessile Say, is a pest ant with global distribution. The common name is derived from the emission of a substance with an odor similar to that of butyric acid. Polygynous colonies often associated with notably dynamic populations and multiple nesting sites make odorous hou...

Barrier applications of sprays and granules have been widely used to control Argentine ants, Linepithema humile (Mayr), around structures. Their activity against ants, especially the pyrethroids, has been ascribed to toxicity and repellency. Recent studies have shown that bifenthrin and cyfluthrin p...

Task-switching between foraging and building in workers of Nasutitermes exitiosus (Termitidae), a subterranean, mound-building termite, was investigated using mark-recapture. Foragers were collected from wood-filled drums and marked with Nile blue, whereas builders were collected from the mound by d...

Characterization of populations of subterranean termites on a research facility in New Orleans, La., determined that a number of living trees were infested with the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki. The amount of internal tree damage was evaluated using a resistograph. T...

Field studies were conducted to compare the performance of a new formulation of Goliath® cockroach gel (0.3g/kg fipronil) to a range of other commercial cockroach gels. These were carried out in Sydney, NSW, Australia, against German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L), and in Cairns, Queensland, Aus...

The impact of noviflumuron on whole colonies of Pharaoh’s ants,Monomorium pharaonis L., was investigated in a series of laboratory experiments. Large colonies (tens to several hundred queens, 0.5 to 2 grams brood, and 2,000+ workers contained in nine cm diameter by two cm high plastic Petri dishes w...

We are evaluating natural and synthetic chemicals for their abilities to influence caste differentiation in common midwestern subterranean termites (genus Reticulitermes). This poster presents results of our efforts using Juvenile Hormone (JH) and synthetic JH analogs to induce presoldier and nymph ...

The odorous house ant, Tapinoma sessile (Say), is the principal ant invading structures in the mid-south region of the United States (Hedges, 1998) and is ranked as one of the top five pest ants in the United States (Hedges, 2000). The objective of this study was to determine which treatment, perime...

In Louisiana, 115 chemicals are registered for use against red imported fire ants,Solenopsis invicta, and other pest ants such as Argentine ants, Linepithema humile. Yet citizens and pest control operators still struggle with adequate control of ant pests in homes, nursing facilities, hospitals, and...

The use of baits for the control of cockroaches in homes is now commonplace. To date, most bait studies have focused on the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L). However, in many parts of the world, especially the tropics, the American cockroach,Periplaneta americana(L), is a more common pest. ...

Speed of control in cockroach field trials with bait products often seems to vary inexplicably by region. An investigation was run on a variety of field strains to determine whether temperature and strain differences are factors involved in speed of performance. Regional strains from a variety of so...

IR3535 (Ethyl Butylacetylaminopropionate) is a repellent compound that has been shown to have activity against a range of biting and nuisance insects. In this study the efficacy of three Reckitt Benckiser Aerogard® formulations containing IR3535 were assessed. The formulations were: (1) Aerosol (20%...

Mites are known as causal agents of bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis and conjunctivitis among food industry workers as well as in urban populations. Mites inhabit stored grain commodities and contaminate them by faeces containing digestive enzymes as the allergenic substances. Among them, amylase...

A complex of synanthropic arthropoda that inhabit a variety of rural and urban localities is systemized depending on the different parameters. These include the type of harm caused by arthropoda to people, including: arthropoda that are vectors and agents of infectious diseases; arthropoda that caus...

Eliminating termites from structures is a real-world battle that requires vigilance, knowhow, and the best tools available. Chlorfenapyr, the active ingredient in MYTHIC®, STEALTH®, and PHANTOM®, is unique among termiticides and belongs to a class of chemistry called “pyrroles”. Chlorfenapyr is non-...

The Argentine ant, Linepithema humile (Mayr), is a worldwide agricultural and urban pest of Mediterranean and subtropical climates. They often displace native ant species when introduced into new areas. The Argentine ant is a tramp species that easily adapts to new environments and lives in close as...

For more than 2 years, Bayer Corporation has worked with researchers and industry professionals to develop imidacloprid ant baits. Ant bait development has involved the input of many groups including research, marketing, formulation development, regulatory, packaging, and manufacturing. Imidacloprid...

Experimental gel and powder bait formulations containing 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0% Indoxacarb were evaluated in a series of laboratory and field studies against the German cockroach,Blattella germanica (L.). Mortality was first determined in 18 by 31 by 10 cm plastic boxes with loosely fitting covers. Twe...

The Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus, is a severe invasive urban pest species. Presumably native to China, this termite has been introduced to many areas of the world including Japan, Hawaii, and the U.S. mainland. Improved regulatory and remedial control of this pest species re...

Eastern subterranean termites (Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar)) were confined to sand of different pH levels, which was treated with either chlorpyrifos (10,000, 1,000, 100, or 10 ppm Dursban TC), imidacloprid (500, 50, 5, or 0.5 ppm Premise 2), fipronil (600, 60, 6, or 0.6 ppm Termidor), bifenthri...

The purpose of this demonstration project was to evaluate the effectiveness of three integrated pest management (IPM) treatment plans in controlling structural and institutional pests in public schools. IPM strategies evaluated were: 1) exclusion, trapping, and sanitation, with no chemical inputs; 2...

In the context of an integrated control strategy for house fly, Musca domestica, development within an urban solid waste treatment plant, tests were conducted to evaluate the sterilisation of M. domestica adultsby feeding them with Insect growth regulator (IGR) products commonly used for larvae cont...

The odorous house ant, Tapinoma sessile (Say), is a severe pest of structures. We have investigated whether the use of liquid bait formulations is an effective strategy for control of this peripatetic, tramp-ant species. Sixteen homes or business establishments, located in or near Cape May, NJ, were...

The resistance of the house fly to insecticides is a limiting factor for its control even in Slovakia, where more than 70% of flies are highly resistant to synthetic pyrethroids (permethrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, and lambdacyhalothrin), 66% of fly populations are highly resistant to bendiocarb...

In the area of Lake Suwa in central Japan, massive swarms of chironomid midges have repeatedly caused problems for local residents. Until now, light has been used as the customary countermeasure against chironomids wherever they occur, e.g., around natural lakes. In recent years, large numbers of sw...

Fenthion (Tiguvon®, Bayer AG) is an effective insecticidal compound with a residual effect for the control of fleas in dogs and cats. Fenthion belongs to the organophosphorus group of compounds, which are inhibitors of cholinesterases and have a systemic effect. This effect can be observed within 4 ...

Over the last decade there has been a steady growth in the use of insecticidal baits to control cockroaches, particularly since the development of slow-acting, non-repellent compounds such as hydramethylnon and, most recently, fipronil. These baits have become increasingly popular for a number of re...

Residual performance of a pyrethroid/chitin synthesis inhibitor (alpha-cypermethrin/flufenoxuron) suspension concentrate formulation on plywood panels against German cockroaches was examined in the laboratory for up to 6 months of aging using three evaluation methods (forced-contact, self-contact an...

The Pharaoh’s ant Monomorium pharaonis (L.) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) is a widespread urban pest, being most common in large, heated buildings. Fipronil is a novel phenyl-pyrazole insecticide, effective against insects of urban importance including termites and cockroaches, being active by both oral...

Four insect repellent products, (1) Experimental Repellent Lotion (Bayrepel® 12%), (2) Experimental Repellent Cream (Bayrepel® 5%), (3) Off! Insect Repellent II® Aerosol (DEET 15%) and (4) Off! Skintastic II® Cream (DEET 7.5%) were evaluated simultaneously for their efficacy against vector and nuisa...

Rapid detection of American cockroaches by traps baited with Periplanone B, a synthetic sex pheromone of the American cockroach, was conducted in three sub-tropical cities, Okinawa (Japan), Taipei (Taiwan), and Honolulu (USA), and in a laboratory in Shizuoka, Japan. One night trapping with Periplano...

Heterotermes aureus (Snyder) continues to be the number one urban pest in the arid southwest (USA). Demand by pest control operators and consumers regarding information on termiticides and bait technology remains high. The primary control mechanism continues to be liquid barriers, but bait technolog...

The cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis (Bouché), is a seasonal ectoparasite of domestic and feral mammals worldwide. Adult fleas are generally most abundant during the warm spring and summer months, becoming scarce or absent during the cold winter months. However, reinfestations of unknown origin are c...

Imidacloprid belongs to a new group of insecticides, the chlorinated nicotine derivatives. It has been shown to have activity against a range of pests including termites, aphids, fleas, beetles and thrips. A gel formulation has been developed for use against cockroaches and this study examined the e...

We evaluated the efficacy of the toxic (methomyl) baits with a sex pheromone, (Z)-9-tricosene, in controlling adults of the house fly, Musca domestica (L.). The poison bait was distributed on the carton Tables “Zwalcza muchy” in a form of color pattern and prints. Each table contained a shelf to col...

Cockroaches are common pests in urban environments around the world. A tremendous amount of papers have appeared on the behaviour of cockroaches. However, the details of their behaviour have not been completely clarified. We have already investigated the nocturnal behaviour of the German cockroach, ...

Control of cockroach populations in urban environments is now very often performed with insecticides presented in food bait formulations. To be efficient, food baits must attract pests so that contact is made with the active substance and/or that it is ingested. Food baits may be less efficient for ...

Insecticide resistance problems have been recognised as an increasing problem in Europe as a consequence of both the accumulation of resistance mechanisms by some species and the greater diversity of arthropods becoming a pest problem. Arthropods of particular concern include public health and lives...

Two Navy surplus barges (each 91 x 20 ft) were equipped with one street lamp at each corner of the barge and with fourteen 60 x 80 inches white cloth panels, each panel illuminated with one 100W spotlight. Adult midge attraction to light on these barges was studied in the summer of 1998 on Lake Monr...

Lithium perfluorooctanesulfonate (LPOS, proposed common name SulfotineTM) is an isomeric mixture containing approximately 70% of the linear isomer and 30% branched isomers. Molecular formula for LPOS is C8F17LiO3S, and acute oral LD50 is greater than 5,000 mg/kg. LPOS exhibits promising oral toxicit...

House flies Musca domestica (L.) are a nuisance to humans and animals and are potential vectors of pathogens. One of the methods to control flies is using attractive odours to lure them to a trap (Cossé and Baker, 1996). However, existing commercially available baits showed variable results (Browne,...

House flies belong probably among insects which are most frequently used in experimental studies of physiological, genetic and biochemical mechanisms of resistance. The development of resistance is an example of microevolution caused by artificially induced change in the frequency of some selection ...

Tiny, free-living mites have long been recognised as one of the most important sources of allergen of house dust causing atopic and bronchial asthma, rhinitis and dermatitis in susceptible persons. Among several species of these mites Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and D. farinae (Acari: Pyroglyphid...

In Piedmont, water used in agriculture is one of the most important source of mosquitoes. For this reason more resources are used for the mosquito control. In particular in grazing meadows and rice field, genus Aedes mosquitoes can be controlled using B.t.i.. In rice field genus Culex and Anopheles ...

Observation carried out in increase in the number of all blood-sucking arthropods in Lithuania. The abundance of Ixodes ricinus ticks, the principal vector for the Lyme disease and Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) agents in three biggest towns of Lithuania was compared with the incidence of morbidity o...

The purpose of this study was (a) to evaluate the risk of secondary poisoning in dogs after ingestion of rats poisoned by coumatetralyl (Racumin®), a multiple dose rodenticide, in the laboratory, and (b) to demonstrate the suitability of a Racumin bait for rat control in dogs’ boarding kennels by fi...

Monitoring stations of were used to observe foraging and feeding behavior of Reticulitermes at the Institute of Forest Genetics (IFG) near Placerville, and at a site in Novato. At IFG 53 monitoring stations were used by cuticular hydrocarbon phenotype A, 10 by phenotype B, and 5 by phenotype C. At N...

Using triple-mark-recapture and agonistic behavior studies one colony, consisting of 7 monitoring stations, was determined to consist of approximately 147,000 Reticulitermes foragers. This single colony was baited using Sentricon™ Termite Colony Elimination System. Sixty days later termites were abs...

The Urban Pest Advisory Service with three part-time employees is responsible for the hygienic aspects concerning urban pests in the city of Zurich, Switzerland. The city has a surface of 9,200 hectares and 360,000 inhabitants. The main fields of work are the following: 1. to give advice to the publ...

The present investigation demonstrates the effect of a single treatment with a chitin synthesis inhibitor (lufenuron) on small, medium and large nymphs as well as adults of the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.). The trial was conducted as a long-term field study in three mass food producing...

Field studies were conducted to compare the performance of Goliath® Cockroach Gel (fipronil) and a spray treatment of Cislin Residual Insecticide® (deltamethrin). These were carried out in Sydney, NSW, Australia against Blattella germanica (L), and Townsville, Queensland, against a mixed population ...

The pattern of pre-copulatory and copulatory behaviour of the sheep tick, Ixodes ricinus (L.) was studied. Male attraction to female and subsequent copulation operate under the control of pheromones. Both engorged and unengorged (questing) females emit volatile substances which attract males, causin...

We explored decontamination measures which would minimise risk of exposure. Decontamination and cleaning methods were chosen according to the structure of treated surface area and the properties of the active compound. Commercial cleaning agents were used to decontaminate areas treated with insectic...

Intragallery application of 0.23% or 0.5% spinosad (suspension concentrate, SC) resulted in 98-100% drywood termite mortality in a laboratory simulated gallery bioassay and significantly reduced drywood termite activity, as measured using an acoustic emissions detector (AED), in a comparative field ...

CDC traps are employed as an efficient tool in monitoring mosquito population changes, evaluation of climatic and human made changes on species abundance and composition as well as for estimation of success of control programs. Despite the great advantage in labor saving and sampling the species whi...

Environmental alteration, habitat manipulation, introduction of predators appear as promising interventions for integrated mosquito management for Dhaka city. A survey of mosquito breeding grounds in 1994 showed 86.4% less larvae in drains with flowing water than stagnant drains, and 77.7% less in d...

Mite allergens in a house are considered to sensitize the residents at levels more than 2µg/g fine dust and may cause bronchial asthma at the level over 10 µg/g. The floor materials were substituted to cork and the bedding to mite-free one, and reduction of mite allergens and improvement of the symp...

Field and laboratory studies were initiated in 1993 to investigate the effect(s) of specific insecticide use strategies on resistant populations of German cockroach, Blattella germanica. Infestation levels were monitored using sticky traps, and these data formed the basis for the estimates of treatm...

Cockroach allergen (Bla g 1) content was determined in floordust of 46 homes with a recent cockroach extermination in Amsterdam. IgE antibodies to Blattella germanica were determined in venous blood samples of 46 children (4-12 years) and one of their biological parents (24-54 years). Specific IgE t...

Silica dusts with different physical properties were tested against the German cockroach Blattella germanica. The dusts varied in their effects on cockroach mortality according to their physical properties. Oil adsorption, pore volume and surface area were the most important characteristics while pa...

Impact of carpenter ant infestations in structures ranges from nuisance pests to seriously damaging pests if structural timbers are attacked. Carpenter ants excavate wood to form galleries for their brood and tunnels for foragers. A mature colony consists of a parent or main colony with the queen, w...

Pest control in urban environment can be carried out either sporadically or in a concentrated way, covering large areas. The efficacy of organized pest control programs comprising large parts of cities or even whole cities is far higher than the success of separate control works done by individual m...

Mixtures of insecticides have been proposed as one tool for the management of insecticide resistance. The concept of mixtures relies on the hypothesis that organisms may be able to overcome a single toxicant but are unlikely to be able to overcome several independently acting toxicants. Mixtures hav...

A formulation consisting of the pyrethroid insecticide alphacypermethrin and flufenoxuron, an acylurea insect growth regulator, has been shown to give effective and persistent control of cockroach infestations after a single treatment. Flufenoxuron is a new high performance residual insecticide for ...

The rapid breakdown of the Soviet Union into many independent, mostly ethnic states, heralded a new historical era with tremendous political, social and economic anomalies. And while the newly formed entities are being hailed as a triumph for individual freedoms and political democracy, the social a...

The ability of Aprostocetus (Tetrastichus) hagenowii (Ratzeburg) to find oothecae in plumbing chases infested with American cockroaches was evaluated using different release strategies for six weeks. This pilot study used forty-three plumbing chases. Chases were assigned one of four treatments (rele...

German cockroaches (Blattella germanica (L.)) are known to be susceptible to infection by the entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema carpocapaue (Weiser) (Koehler el. al., 1992). Nematodes placed on moist filter paper in petri dishes (50 nematodes per cm2) killed all adult cockroaches after 3 days o...

Two pyridazinone derivatives, pyridaben and NC- 194, were found by medium mixing test to be potent chemicals which inhibited the growth of Dermatophagoides population. Pyridaben {2-tert-butyl-5- (4-rerz-butybenzylthio)4chloropyridazin-3-(2H)-one}, which is a new agricultural acaricide, suppressed 90...

Laboratory from 1987 to 1991. A screening of the insecticide resistance in B. germanica in some selected locations was conducted with permethrin using tarsal contact tests to estimate KT50, (/WHO/VBC/75.593). Based on these data more detailed measurement of the resistance in the German Cockroaches f...

Observations of the nocturnal behaviour of the German cockroach, Blattella germanica, were carried out using single or mixed populations of males, gravid females, ungravid females and nymphs. The results of these studies can be summarised as follows: 1. The proportion of cockroaches present in a fee...

Emulsions of chemicals applied to the surface of seasoned softwoods results in a residue 1-3 mm below the surface, and can provide control of wood-infesting beetles. Borate compounds can be delivered to wood surfaces in sufficient quantities for subsequent diffusion to depths below the surface. The ...

Adult cat fleas often survive several weeks without feeding. However, when newly emerged adults were maintained on filter paper treated with pyriproxyfen at 1.1 pg/cm, they lived only 8 days, compared with low mortality in the controls. Dying fleas examined histologically showed evidence of fat body...

Preventing and exterminating clinically relevant concentrations of house dust mite allergen in the urban environment is one of the more interesting challenges for architects and building engineers, pest control contractors, cleaning services, and sanitary biologists. When this challenge is not met, ...

Small groups of nymphs and adults, or of 5th and 6th instar nymphs of the Oriental cockroach Blatta orientalis, were exposed to hydramethylnon baits Maxforce) for periods of time ranging from 1 to 14 days. These insects were also given access to standard laboratory cockroach food as an alternative t...

House dust mites are together with pets the most important source of allergens in dwellings in western Europe. In a recently developed semi-natural test system, mites may be studied in an environment comparable to the dwelling situation. In this laboratory test, it should also be possible to determi...

Decision-making for managing household cockroach infestations is a complicated process. Proper decisions concerning cockroach pest management should be made based on the integration of 1) biotic factors, such as pest biology, ecology, and behavior; 2) abiotic environmental factors, such as temperatu...

Public pressures, and mandates by government agencies will require that we develop strategies that reduce exposure of humans to pesticides. These must be developed so that they manipulate populations to the extent that likelihood of infestation is reduced, or assuming that they will infest a structu...