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Transfluthrin is a volatile pyrethroid based on polyfluorinated benzyl alcohol that is commonly present in household insecticides like coils, electric vaporizers or aerosols used mainly against mosquitoes. Deployed into the air Transfluthrin exerts short-term effects. Due to its molecular structure,...

One of the major groups of mosquito-borne diseases is Flaviviruses with prominent human pathogens, such as West Nile virus (WNV), dengue, Zika viruses. Nowadays, WNV is appearing more and more in several countries, thanks in part to climate change and other factors. WNV is endemic in parts of Europe...

Anopheles fluviatilis is one of the most important malaria vectors in Iran. The aim of this study was to identify Anopheles fluviatilis complex species using proliferation and sequence analysis of ITS2 and also 28.S- D3parts of rDNA gene in southwestern Iran. In this research Anopheles fluviatilis w...

Present study was carried out to test the residual activity of deltamethrin EC 1.5%, K-Othrine EC 1.5% and deltamethrin WP 5% under laboratory conditions on five different surfaces i.e. cement (concrete), mud, plaster, wood and filter paper. Four blocks were prepared for each surface, from which one...

Mosquitoes are responsible for the transmission of several infectious diseases endangering approximately 3 billion people around the world. The precise identification of mosquitoes’ species is decisive to understand epidemiological patterns of diseases transmission and to develop control strategies....

Insecticide candle is the optimum human lifesaving innovation that kills flying vectors, particularly mosquitoes - the most lethal of all insects in the world. Over one million people worldwide die from mosquito-borne diseases every year. The candle is a special vegetable wax-encased formulated cand...

Investigations were carried out in several climatic zones of Western and Eastern Siberia, and at the Amur region. Blood-sucking mosquitoes in these areas have a rich species composition and very high numbers. In addition to a significant irritating action in an attack on the people, they are vectors...

Flavocide® is based on a beta-triketone molecule, flavesone, that is produced by synthetic chemical means. Flavesone exists in nature in a number of plant species but at low abundance. Initial testing suggests a unique mode of action with potential in addressing the increasing problem of resistance ...

The UK employs a multi-faceted approach to surveillance for invasive Aedes species, including active methods, designed to target particular, potentially higher locations, and passive methods, providing a means for the general public and relevant professional groups to submit mosquito samples for ide...

Malaria vectors have acquired widespread resistance to different classes of insecticides including two synthetic pyrethroids owing to the continuous use in public health and sometimes in other sectors. Hence, there is need to develop alternative strategies including use of new insecticides with nove...

A mosquito-based arbovirus surveillance was settled in “Parco Lombardo delle Valli del Ticino” and in neighbouring sites in Milano province (Lombardy). Nine sites were monitored between 2009 and 2013 sampling 82,106 mosquitoes, of which 68.6 % belonged to Culex pipiens L. species. Mosquito were sort...

Field studies of two area repellent aerosol formulations with transfluthrin and permethrin active ingredients were carried out against mixed freshwater mosquitoes near Humpty Doo, Northern Territory and against flies (a mixed population of house flies, Musca domestica and bush flies Musca vetustissi...

Trials have been conducted with Aquatain AMF, a silicone based self-spreading liquid for mosquito control, in many locations and environments around the world. The trials included Anopheles, Aedes, and Culex mosquitoes. The product has been shown to be effective in very difficult conditions where ot...

Control of the Anopheline vectors is the most effective approach to malaria control. Reductions in mortality and morbidity from malaria have been achieved through the use of pyrethroid treated bed nets, pyrethroid resistant mosquitoes threaten the effectiveness of this valuable intervention. Insecti...

There has been relatively little research work done in collecting mosquitoes in urban areas of the UK. During the summer of 2010, the research team collected mosquitoes from nine urban sites and mosquito samples were collected over a 14 week period. All specimens were taken to the laboratory and adu...

For transmission of dengue virus and malaria pathogens occur, the causing agents of these diseases have to complete their developmental cycle inside the mosquitoes Aedes and Anopheles, respectively. Mosquitoes are therefore potentialweak links in dengue and malaria transmission. Genetically modified...

Plasmodium vivax reemerged in 1993 after a hiatus of 14 years and increased exponentially among South Korean military and civilian populations through 1998. With increased use of chemoprophylaxis by the South Korean military, malaria stabilized and then sharply decreased through 2004. Malaria cases ...

Natural pyrethrum and its synthetic analogues are among the most widely used insecticides in medical, veterinary and agricultural use. Low application rates, rapid knock-down and kill, range of duration of activity and good mammalian safety profile make them an active of choice in most domestic appl...

Pyriproxyfen is an insect growth regulator that affects the physiology of morphogenesis, reproduction and embryogenesis of insects. It exhibits a high level of activity against mosquito larvae inhibiting adult emergence at very low dose rates. It has low mammalian toxicity and environmental impact. ...

Laboratory testing of long-lasting insecticide treated nets (LN’s) includes assessment of bio-efficacy and determination of insecticide retention after washings. The standard WHO washing method recommends the use of deionizded water with a hardness of 0 ppm (water without Ca++ and Mg++). In the cont...

Mosquito species composition based on massive collections of mosquito larvae and adults in three major mosquito regions located in Central Bohemia and in the South and Central Moravia in last 10 years is presented. More than 60,000 specimens of larvae or adults were collected and determined in the L...

The transmission of arboviruses is a major risk factor in many regions of the world including Europe. Continuing eco-climatic changes create suitable conditions for the re-emergence vector-borne diseases in Europe. Malaria was eradicated in all countries of the Region in the early 1960s except some ...

The insect growth regulator, pyriproxyfen (Sumilarv 0.5 G) at the rate of 0.01 mg a.i./L was applied to gem pits as well as river and stream bed pools as a part of a large scale trial in a gem mining area in Sri Lanka. The results indicated pyriproxyfen inhibited emergence of the primary malaria vec...

This investigation was carried out in several different parts of Iran during 1998-2001. Out of 9799 female Anopheles captured by different methods, An. fluviatilis comprised 35.5%, An. dthali 30.3%, An. stephensi 29.4%, An. sergentii 4.6%, An. culicifacies, An. turkhudi and An. superpictus were 0.2%...

An attempt was made to evaluate the residual effect of deltamethrin 5% WP at recommended dosage of 25 a.i.mg/m2 on different local surfaces such as mud, plaster, cement, tile and brick walls as well as wooden and thatch roofs in a malarious area, Sistan & Baluchistan provinces, in southeastern I...

This study was conducted with aim of investigation of malaria vector hematophagic tendencies base on seasonal activities as well as geographical region in a malaria endemic area, Kahnouj, south of Iran. It was conducted for 14 months from Apr. 2002 up to the end of May 2003. It was based on collecti...

Seasonal activity of adult mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) was studied using CDC light traps baited with CO2 during the period June 2003-June 2004 in Ar Riyadh City (Capital of Saudi Arabia). Four species of mosquitoes were collected; Culex quinquefasciatus Say, Culiseta longiareolata (Macquart), Ae...

This descriptive survey studied comparison of malaria cases, epidemiological and entomological serves, insecticides used and mean temperature, relative humidity and amounts of rain fall in a ten year period (1994-2003).The most important species of anopheline vectors include: Anopheles stephensi, An...

The number of organisms living within urban biocenosis increases. Assimilation of urban biocenosis by pests is a process of microevolution. It has limits. Qualitative limits are determined by the Vavilov law. Study of close species adaptation, we may predict adaptive potencies of all families. e.g, ...

A new technology is described for in-field dipping of conventional mosquito nets for long lasting efficacy by adding a polymer binder to the deltamethrin treatment. Various polymer binders vary greatly in their ability to improve the retention of deltamethrin on the fiber and ensure resistance of th...

In the light of global warming and the predicted enlargment of chloroquine-resistant malaria -endemic areas, it has to be seen whether other alternate antimalarial drugs have effects similar to those of chloroquine in increase transmission. Compared to studies on antimalarial drugs and ability of th...

In Piedmont, water used in agriculture is one of the most important source of mosquitoes. For this reason more resources are used for the mosquito control. In particular in grazing meadows and rice field, genus Aedes mosquitoes can be controlled using B.t.i.. In rice field genus Culex and Anopheles ...

In the Czech Republic there are large areas in the Labe and Morava – Dyje Lowlands where mosquitoes are an almost unberable nuisance following occasional summer floods (e.g. in 1997 and 1998), Aedes vexans and Ae. stictius being the main pest species. The capital of the Czech Republic, Prague, lies ...

Observation carried out in increase in the number of all blood-sucking arthropods in Lithuania. The abundance of Ixodes ricinus ticks, the principal vector for the Lyme disease and Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) agents in three biggest towns of Lithuania was compared with the incidence of morbidity o...

Mosquitoes required for testing chemical or biological products have been reared successfully using anaesthetised guinea pigs as a source of blood. In an attempt to eliminate the need for keeping and using live mammals to provide the blood meal, alternative methods have been investigated. Finally th...

Four insect repellent products, (1) Experimental Repellent Lotion (Bayrepel® 12%), (2) Experimental Repellent Cream (Bayrepel® 5%), (3) Off! Insect Repellent II® Aerosol (DEET 15%) and (4) Off! Skintastic II® Cream (DEET 7.5%) were evaluated simultaneously for their efficacy against vector and nuisa...

There is an increasing trend to use insecticide impregnated bednets for major interventions in malaria programs today. Deltamethrin has proved to be one of the most effective insecticides for vector control, especially under varying climatic conditions, and is already the most widely used insecticid...

Certain physical and chemical factors in mosquito larval aquatic habitat, in relation to larval species distribution were studied in different ecosystems of Kuwait State. Ten types of breeding places were found in the different ecological areas of Kuwait State. These were animal watering basins, see...

A large scale resistance management programme is currently being undertaken in Chiapas, Southern Mexico. this paper reports the baseline levels of resistance as detected by bioassays and biochemical assays in the mosquito Anopheles albimanus in the study area. A high level of resistance to DDT and l...