Insecticide Resistance Management In Urban Pests

Abstract:
Whilst the reports of insecticide resistance are numerous, and many mechanisms of resistance have been studied, there has been less emphasis placed on developing and promoting Insecticide Resistance Management (IRM) programmes to address this issue. It is argued that only through the implementation of an IRM programme, can the effective control of insect pests be maintained in the long-term. The Insecticide Resistance Action Committee’s insecticide mode of action classification is a key part of any IRM programme. It enables the insecticide user to identify insecticides in the same class, and hence those that will provide selection pressure for resistance mechanisms which may affect all insecticides from that class. A model is also presented that identifies the path of activities and events that follows when a decision is taken to control an insect pest, and how they impact, and are impacted by, insecticide resistance development. The IRAC mode of action classification and the model of insect pest control can be used to develop effective and integrated IRM programmes.