Medically Important Synanthropic Arthropods of Russia and Neighboring Countries

Abstract:
The processes of urbanization is accompanied by attraction to settlements, the synanthropization, of many systematic groups of animals including arthropods. Synanthropization of some vectors of diseases agents, means augmentation of their contacts to people and increase of epidemiological danger. The annotated ecological-faunistic list of the synanthropic species of arthropods dwelling in East Europe-Asian part of Palearctic region (territory of the former USSR) is presented. Data concerning to habitats of adult arthropods in premises or in the open territories or breeding places of larvae in settlements have been included in the list. It includes 432 species and subspecies from 48 families of 10 orders. For each species the urbanistic area of habitation is specified and data on ecological features of species in anthropogenic conditions are resulted. The most extensive collection of species belongs to order Diptera (242 species, or 54.5%) which show a wide range of variations of synanthropy. Dictyoptera are represented by 12 species, or 2.7%. Siphonaptera is represented by 55 species, or 12.4%, and Parasitiformes (class Arachnida) by76 species, or 17.1%. On the basis of the ecological-faunistic list of synanthropic species of arthropods paths and stages of invasions by them of urbanocenoses are considered. Their classification based on extent of the injury caused to people, classification of ecological groups of the synanthropic arthropods based on character of their feeding, parasitizing on humans, features of a habitation in anthropogenic conditions is discussed.