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Development of the reproductive stages in the life cycle of ants varies among species. Formicine ants usually overwinter or spend development time in the nest between eclosion and the mating flight. Many of the Dolichodorinae and Myrmecinae mate in the nest and colonies reproduce by budding. A formi...

Man is the main victim of Aedes aegypti. Due to this ecological niche it is one of the most important disease vector to mankind, being, in Brazil, the primary vector of dengue fever. It is found in hot and humid habitat, its development lasts little more than a week, from egg to adult. The only deng...

In the past years test systems for the evaluation of repellents, attractants and insecticides/acaricides have been developed and further refined in our laboratory. A standardized laboratory test system for the evaluation of tick repellents (Moving-Object (MO) Bioassay) has been extensively used with...

The Pharaoh’s ant, Monomorium pharaonis (L.) is an important species in the urban environment. This paper discussed the performance of a new bait formulation containing S-methoprene. Discussions are made on various laboratory experiments (in Budapest, Hungary and Penang, Malaysia) and field trials i...

Insecticide treatment of surfaces is a well proven technique for the control of insect pests in the urban environment. The aim of these applications is to leave a residual deposit of insecticide which remains lethal to the target insect for an extended period. However, the efficacy of these treatmen...

Demand CS® (lambda-cyhalothrin) has been designed specifically for use in urban pest management. The product is based on microencapsulation technology which encloses the liquid active ingredient in a polymer shell to provide protection against hostile environmental conditions. Electron microscopy an...