ICUP Proceedings Search

In Europe there are up to 7 different species of underground termites. In France, Portugal and Spain there are 3 important species: Reticulitermes grassei, Reticulitermes Lucifugus and Reticulitermes flavipes). Presence of R. grassei in Spain, Portugal and France, R. lucifugus in France and Spain an...

At the end of April 2018, a pest control company brought three termite soldiers and some alates to the Urban Pest Advisory Service (UPAS) for species determination. They were found in a building in a medium-sized city on Lake Zurich (Canton Zurich). A mitochondrial DNA analysis by the University of ...

Assessing physical barrier on the basis of a laboratory test is an important step on the product development, as those barriers have to remain efficient towards subterranean termites as long as the building is in service. This becomes more challenging when the anti-termite barrier has to resist agai...

Reticulitermes flavipes, one of the most harmful subterranean termite pests, was recently reported for the first time from Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain). It is estimated that it was introduced between 2002 and 2005 in the northeast of the island. It affects buildings, crops and both native and or...

It is of great economical importance to ascertain the efficacy of preservatives against wood decay organisms in order to extend wood products service life. However, due to environmental and health sanitary pressure, it is imperative to find environmentally-friendly alternative to synthetic chemical ...

Rhinotermes marginalis is a Neotropical termite reported as a minor urban pest in northern Brazil. In southeastern Brazil, it occurs as an exotic introduced pest in the cities of Rio de Janeiro/RJ and Vitória/ES. This study aimed to record R. marginalis in urban areas of other neighborhoods and muni...

The Exploreum Science Center and History Museum in Mobile, Alabama, USA, and UNESCO World Heritage Site Taliesin West – Frank Lloyd Wright’s winter residence and architectural school in Scottsdale, Arizona, USA, are both complex structures that were experiencing substantial termite activity. A ‘solu...

The emergence and dissemination of multidrug resistant bacterial pathogens necessitate research to find new antimicrobials against these organisms. We investigated antimicrobial production by eastern subterranean termites against a panel of bacteria including three multidrug resistant (MDR) and four...

The efficacy of Altriset® 20SC (AI, chlorantraniliprole) in controlling structural infestations of the eastern subterranean termite, Reticulitermes flavipes, was assessed in Ohio, North Carolina, and Texas. Prior to chlorantraniliprole treatment, termites were collected from the structure as well as...

Subterranean termites are the most economically damaging termites in the U.S. costing $11 billion annually for prevention, treatment, and repair of damage. However, termite colony spatial dynamics are an understudied topic. In previous laboratory studies, termite colonies of different species are ag...

The subterranean termite, Reticulitermes flavipes, is native to North America. In its native range, it is widely distributed in the central and eastern U.S.A. where it plays a significant ecological role as a decomposer of cellulose and is a major pest of human built structures. It has been introduc...

Limited data exist on foraging, agonistic and feeding behavior of subterranean termites of the same species but from different colonies. We conducted research to determine if subterranean termites, Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar) from different colonies may express unusual foraging, agonistic and f...

Subterranean termites are important pests in the U.S. and many parts of the world. Most products available for subterranean termite control are registered in Florida and currently there are 76 products. Most are either repellent or non-repellent soil treatment products. In recent years the number of...

In order to understand the characteristics of the termite infestation and suggest management measures aiming to their control, inspection in 53 households in a residential condominium located in the Ecological Park of Serra do Guararú (Rainforest), in Guarujá, Brazil was held in October 2010. Curren...

The objective of this report was to evaluate the integrated termite control with different insecticides chemistry and formulations. It was done a complete survey of the infestations and established a maintenance project, the strengthening of the deteriorated woods and insecticide treatment. The trea...

Here I review the application of genetic techniques to subterranean termite studies, focusing on their contributions to applied science. Current use of molecular genetic methods in the area of termite management fall into two main categories: 1.) taxonomy and species identification; and 2.) colony i...

This study examines the effect of dry soil on tunnel construction by the Formosan subterranean termite, Cptotermes formosanus. Termites did not construct tunnels in dry soil in any of the treatments. Termites only constructed tunnels in moist areas in treatments where the soil was partially moistene...

This is a retrospective analysis on 502 individual structures to determine if there exists any specific reason for a structure to become susceptible to termite attack. Individual parameters were collected from each of the structures for performing the analysis. The parameters selected were location ...

Subterranean termites are widely known by their substantial damage in urban areas. Coptotermes gestroi is an alien species originated from Asia, introduced accidently in Brazil, where is responsible for severe economical impact. To reduce the use of insecticides in the termite management, some resea...

The Exterraä Termite Interception and Baiting System (Ensystex Inc., Fayetteville, NC) was evaluated in field experiments in India and Botswana. Alpha-cellulose powder containing chlorfluazuron (Requiemä) was tested for its efficacy in eliminating colonies of various subterranean termite species in ...

This paper describes the results of an evaluation done on the buildings and trees at Nossa Senhora das Vitorias district, located in Maua, Sao Paulo, Brazil, in order to verify the biodeterioration caused by Heterotermes assu, an unusual subterranean termite, in which the records of infestations in ...

Coptotermes gestroi is an introduced pest of substantial economic impact in Brazil. A colony of this subterranean termite builds polycalic nests and uses simultaneously several food resources. However, there is no record of the flow of castes through the “calies” and among the different food sources...

Heterotermes convexinotatus (Snyder 1924) belongs to the group of subterranean termites, it is regarded as an important pest in passion fruit and corn crops in Venezuela and Colombia, it has also been found in Citrus orchards at the Caribbean coast of Colombia. In urban zones it had only been report...

Twenty-six treatments were conducted using an integrated management approach to removing subterranean termite infestations from structures on the University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA campus. Termite infestations were identified by building occupants followed by an inspection, development of an act...

Wood construction materials were exposed to eastern subterranean termites, Reticulitermes flavipes, for 8 wk to determine termite damage and changes in thermal properties. Termite tunnels allowed heat to flow unobstructed through the sample resulting in ~35% increase in temperature (damaged vs. unda...

The termite activity of fipronil (Termidor®) termiticide/insecticide was first discovered in 1997. Field research trials produced data showing that fipronil had effects on termites distant from the treated area. Following this discovery, several homes were treated as exterior perimeter only treatmen...

Termite activity had been continuously monitored in four sections of City Park since 2002. Between 2002 and 2005, 12 distinct Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, colonies had been delineated using mark-release-recapture techniques. This study examines how the distribution ...

A termite baiting system was evaluated in field experiments in Australia, Hong Kong, Malaysia and the Philippines. Alpha-cellulose powder containing chlorfluazuron (Requiem™) was tested for its efficacy in eliminating colonies of subterranean termites in landscape and orchard trees. Traditional meth...

To minimize pesticide use and intrusion to homes, we evaluate the efficacy of an innovative limited interior perimeter plus external perimeter application of imidacloprid as an IPM option in post-construction termite control in a dilution of ratio 1:400. Seven private houses were chosen for the rese...

Ten years ago we identified a new European termite species called Reticulitermes urbis in the city of Domène (near Grenoble) in the French Alps. Subsequently our team established a contract with Domène city officials to describe this new taxon and evaluate the termite population in an effort to devi...

Reticulitermes santonensis (Rhinotermitidae) is a subterranean termite that infests urban areas in France where it causes serious economic damages. It is largely accepted that French populations of R. santonensis have been founded by the introduction of a North American species, R. flavipes. Underst...

This study investigated the effects of food deprivation on survival, cannibalism, body weight, and hindgut symbiotic protist communities in Eastern subterranean termites, Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar). Termite groups in natural worker and soldier ratio were tested in Petri dishes that were half f...

Tunnel construction by Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki is initially random, with tunnels radiating outward in a uniform circular distribution from the point of origin. The degree of branching of these tunnels may be species- specific, and reflect the pattern of occurrence of food resources in differe...

Management of subterranean termites for past years depends mainly on cyclodiene and organophosphorous termiticides. During those years, these chemicals appeared to be the most suitable chemicals for controlling subterranean termite. However, public concern regarding environmental and health issues c...

Pest Management Professionals had the opportunity to use new chemistry of non-repellent active ingredients (termiticides) for subterranean termite control. These active ingredients provide control through reduction of termite populations. The pest control industry has asked if the newer non-repellen...

Study on the efficacy of some soil termiticides available in Thailand market was made in order to evaluate their effectiveness to prevent the invasion of subterranean termites living underneath the buildings. Two methods representing construction practices widely used in the country were experimente...

Task-switching between foraging and building in workers of Nasutitermes exitiosus (Termitidae), a subterranean, mound-building termite, was investigated using mark-recapture. Foragers were collected from wood-filled drums and marked with Nile blue, whereas builders were collected from the mound by d...

This study evaluated the effects of two commercially available products that have been used to supplement bait stations on feeding and tunneling behavior of the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki. A bioassay was conducted to examine the effects of water-soluble chemicals e...

Termites are considered to be urban pests in Japan, which has a long history of combating the two most economically important subterranean termites [Reticulitermes speratus (Kolbe) and Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki], since Japanese houses are made principally of wood. Approximately half of new home...

The RockPointe Condominium Complex in Chatsworth, California, USA, has had a long history of subterranean termite activity and termite-related homeowner complaints. A total of 7,327 Sentricon® stations were installed between October and December of 2001 along the perimeter of 134 buildings, and insp...

New Zealand has three species of native termites Kalotermes brouni, Stolotermes ruficeps and S. inopinus. In terms of destructive capability, these are of minor significance. Invasive Australian subterranean termites, specifically Coptotermes acinaciformis and C. frenchii hitchhiked into New Zealand...

A brief overview on the options for biological control of termites is presented. Many organisms have been identified as being able to kill termites. However, we do not know their real impact on field populations of termites. Research has focused on some entomopathogenic nematodes and the fungi Beauv...

Unlike insects foraging above ground where individuals can explore over an area and then lay a recruitment trail for others to follow, subterranean termites search for food by constructing underground tunnels. Studies have showed that termite tunnel orientations are affected by physical irregulariti...

Indoxacarb is an EPA designated reduced risk insecticide. This study was to evaluate indoxacarb for its toxicity, non-repellency, and transmission as liquid termiticide against eastern subterranean termite, Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar). Toxic effectiveness and non-repellency were determined usin...

The introduction of termites into new areas is a potential threat given the magnitude of national and international commerce. We review a number of case studies that document exotic termites in the eastern U.S., with emphasis on two states, Ohio and Georgia. We discuss the value of employing a multi...

This ongoing study in central North Carolina is making use of DNA technology (microsatellite genotyping) and long term monitoring to observe the immediate and prolonged effects of imidacloprid on subterranean termite colonies (Reticulitermes spp.) located inside and around residential structures. A ...

Five natural and 16 synthetic compounds were evaluated for termiticidal activity against the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae). The naphthoquinones menadione, plumbagin, and juglone, and the benzoquinones thymoquinone, and coenzyme Q1 killed al...

The management of the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus, is critical to the economic well-being of the United States. Estimates of property damage, repairs, and control measures exceed U.S. $1 billion per year in the U.S., of which $500 million is incurred in Louisiana. In 1998, ...

An area-wide management project to control the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki (FST), in the New Orleans French Quarter (FQ) began in1998. Initially, all properties within fifteen square blocks were treated with either commercially available non-repellent termiticides o...

The species of termites that have an impact on urban dwellings in Southeast Asia are reviewed. Termites of the genus Coptotermes are considered, by far, to have the greatest economic impact on urban dwellings. In Peninsular Malaysia, where the species of Coptotermes have been relatively well studied...

Imidacloprid, the active ingredient in Premise®, is a slow-acting, non-repellent termiticide used to control termites in residential and commercial applications. Workers acquire imidacloprid from contact with treated soil, and then transfer the AI among individuals throughout the colony. However, th...

Subterranean termites are wood structure destructor in both urban and agricultural sectors. Termite control comprises about 50% of the total business turnover of the pest control industry in Malaysia; which was estimated at RM40 million annually. Baiting is considered a rather new technique in Malay...

The influence of seasonal ground temperature and relative humidity on cellulose consumption by two native subterranean termite species was evaluated in South Carolina, USA. Seven colonies of Reticulitermes flavipes Kollar and six colonies of R. virginicus (Banks) were studied. In-ground plastic buck...

The Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, is a highly destructive invasive pest species in many tropical and subtropical regions. The survival of this termite is dependent on its gut microbes (protozoa and bacteria). Therefore, alternative strategies may be devised in the fu...

The Exterra Termite Interception and Baiting System (Ensystex Inc., Fayetteville, NC) was evaluated in field experiments in Australia, Thailand and the Philippines. Cellulose-acetate powder containing chlorfluazuron (RequiemTM) was tested for its efficacy in eliminating colonies of various mound-bui...

Metaflumizone (proposed common name) is a high performance insecticide submitted for crop registration approval in the USA in 2004. Other key country registration submissions are expected to follow the USA application.Toxicological and environmental studies indicate that there is low risk to applica...

The Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), is the most economically important structural pest in the New Orleans metro area, Louisiana, U.S.A.. In 1998, two significant projects were initiated to determine the effectiveness of area-wide subterranea...

Coptotermes species subterranean termites are believed to have originated in Asia and have been transported around the world via infestations in the hulls of wooden boats and in lumber. Classification of Coptotermes species using morphological characters is difficult and complicated. This study repo...

Pachycondyla chinensis (Smith), is a Ponerine ant, endemic to Japan and parts of Asia. Although it has been established from Georgia to Virginia in the United States since at least 1874, it has received little attention here. In current literature of immunological studies conducted in Korea, in whic...

The genus Coptotermes is a member of the subfamily Coptotermitinae Holmgren of the family Rhinotermitidae. In Malaysia, Coptotermes travians was identified as the predominant termite pest (53%), followed by Coptoteremes curvignathus (28%). There are some complications on the taxonomic status of Copt...

Subterfuge® termite bait contains 0.3% hydramethylnon in a wood-flour matrix. Hydramethylnon provides a delayed-action mortality that allows for transfer of lethal doses within the termite population, followed by a relatively rapid elimination of the termites. Subterfuge® is effective in controlling...

Commercially available termite-baiting systems were evaluated for efficacy in a management program for Formosan subterranean termites, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki. Termite-baiting systems evaluated include Sentricon® (Dow AgroSciences), with hexaflumuron, FirstLine® (FMC Corp.), and Terminate® (U...

An ongoing survey of termites in Ohio was initiated during spring 2001. The pest-management industry contributed substantially to termite-collecting efforts, which were coordinated by the Entomology Department, Ohio State University. This survey effort, including materials and procedures, is detaile...

We investigated predictive correlations between temperature, precipitation, and springtime subterranean termite swarming in nine Texas cities. Heat units were calculated from December 21 through the date of the initial spring swarms during 1994-1999. Analysis of the heat unit data showed that none o...

The soil-applied termiticide, imidacloprid (Premise®, Hachikusan®) was registered for termite control in Japan in 1993. This non-repellent termiticide causes mortality in termites foraging near treated structures, and is transmissible to other termites not directly exposed to treated soil. A two-yea...

Tunneling of the Formosan subterranean termite,Coptotermes formosanusShiraki (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), has been observed in the laboratory with groups of foragers extracted from field colonies or from colonies maintained in the laboratory, but there is little information on tunneling by foragers ...

Studies were initiated during 2001 to monitor spatial and genetic distribution of subterranean termite colonies associated with residential structures prior to making a full-label or perimeter- only application of fipronil (Termidor 80%WG or a 9.1%SC). Eight residential structures with active infest...

Subterranean termites of the genus Reticulitermes play a critical role in decomposition of dead wood in natural ecosystems. But in urban areas they are pests that cause serious damage. Reticulitermes santonensis Feytaud is found in distinct areas in Paris (France). More than half the neighborhoods (...

The Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), is currently considered the most destructive insect in Louisiana. It attacks living trees eating the centers and constructing a carton nest within. Infested trees can serve as reservoirs for termites to in...

The Formosan subterranean termite (Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki) is one of the most destructive pests of trees in New Orleans, causing millions of dollars in damage each year. The termites tunnel into the trees, creating a network of galleries and voids, ultimately hollowing the interior of the tr...

The Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanusShiraki, is a serious pest in several parts of the world and is one of the most destructive insects in Louisiana, USA. A pilot test was begun in 1998 to determine the effectiveness of area-wide management on this insect and to reduce its densi...

The Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus, is a severe invasive urban pest species. Presumably native to China, this termite has been introduced to many areas of the world including Japan, Hawaii, and the U.S. mainland. Improved regulatory and remedial control of this pest species re...

Three components are considered when developing a baiting system: active ingredient; matrix; and termite biology. Attention to variations in termite biology is often limited, so a one-fits-all approach is chosen in the design. Efficacy of a bait system developed for a locally occurring species may n...

This study compares the responses of termites to the lignin-degrading basidiomycete, Marasmiellus troyanus (Murrill) Singer, grown on different substrates, and examines the tunneling behavior of termites in sand treated with extracts of fungus-infected pure lignin versus solvent-treated sand. Termit...

The purpose of this study was to examine the relatedness of Reticulitermes flavipes subterranean termites using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) DNA fingerprints and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence from individual termites collected at four separate f...

Characterization of populations of subterranean termites on a research facility in New Orleans, La., determined that a number of living trees were infested with the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki. The amount of internal tree damage was evaluated using a resistograph. T...

The cryptic nature of native subterranean termites,Reticulitermes spp., has posed a serious problem for researchers desiring to study their biology and ecology. The nature of a colony and the parameters that define a subterranean colony have been the topic of recent debate. Some researchers have con...

The development of termite baits has demanded effective means of evaluating the success of commercial bait systems. Evaluation has been complicated by unknown factors concerning subterranean termite biology and foraging as well as a lack of definitive research methods. One important element of effec...

To investigate the social organization of Reticulitermes flavipes, we studied three populations in undisturbed wooded areas of North Carolina - one in each of the Piedmont, the Blue Ridge Mountains and the Coastal Plain regions. We collected workers from natural wood debris, genotyped 20 workers per...

Fipronil and imidacloprid are non-repellant insecticides that work via direct contact and termite-to-termite transmission. This secondary form of transmission is more effective if termites continue functioning normally after they come in contact with the chemical. Behavioral changes in the Formosan ...

Eliminating termites from structures is a real-world battle that requires vigilance, knowhow, and the best tools available. Chlorfenapyr, the active ingredient in MYTHIC®, STEALTH®, and PHANTOM®, is unique among termiticides and belongs to a class of chemistry called “pyrroles”. Chlorfenapyr is non-...

The need to progressively improve structural and urban pest-management training for state regulatory officials, pest-management professionals, and extension educators has led to the development and implementation of a limited number of university-based training schools in the United States. In Oklah...

Eastern subterranean termites (Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar)) were confined to sand of different pH levels, which was treated with either chlorpyrifos (10,000, 1,000, 100, or 10 ppm Dursban TC), imidacloprid (500, 50, 5, or 0.5 ppm Premise 2), fipronil (600, 60, 6, or 0.6 ppm Termidor), bifenthri...

We are evaluating natural and synthetic chemicals for their abilities to influence caste differentiation in common midwestern subterranean termites (genus Reticulitermes). This poster presents results of our efforts using Juvenile Hormone (JH) and synthetic JH analogs to induce presoldier and nymph ...

Ants and subterranean termites are economically important insect pests in the urban environment. Managing populations of these pests through bait-toxicant control tactics is a viable option that requires a thorough understanding of their biology. The terminology used in describing a bait-toxicant co...

Systematic Termite ControlSM (STC) is a program developed by FMC Corporation to provide the professional pest control industry with a new, integrated strategy for the control of subterranean termite populations. The objective of STC is structural protectio,n, i.e., to control termite activity within...

Many historical sites in Italy suffer severe damages to wood structures, works of art and ancient books due to well established subterranean termite populations (Reticulitermes sp., R. lucifugus lucifugus, R. lucifugus corsicus). In six field tests, termite colonies were treated with a baiting proce...

Rigid board insulations, including polystyrenes, polyisocyanurates and others, are used as standard building materials. In the past decade problems developed with subterranean termites entering structures, undetected, when rigid board insulation was installed as a continuous sheet beginning below gr...

A sensor comprised of a wooden monitor on which a conductive circuit of silver particle emulsion was painted was placed in a monitoring/baiting station to detect foraging activity of the subterranean termite, Coptotermes havilandi Holmgren on Little Cayman. Sensor accuracy was 100% one month after i...

A dust containing 80% triflumuron, a chitin synthesis inhibitor, was tested for its efficacy in eradicating colonies of subterranean termites (Coptotermes spp.) in the Sydney-Newcastle area, Australia. Triflumuron is believed to act on a termite colony in the following way: first the queen stops lay...

Populations of Formosan subterranean termites, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, were characterized on a 141,645 m2 research facility in New Orleans, Louisiana. 32.7% of loblolly pines (Pinus taeda), 12.5% cedar (Juniperus sp.), 8.2% live oaks (Quercus virginiana), and 4.6% of baldcypress (Taxodium di...

Diverse plant-dervived defense compounds present an intriguing model for exploring termite responses in controlled environments. Our group is identifying terpene and sesquiterpene constituents of folded, volatile oils distilled from a variety of citrus products. These oils include the pyryl alcohols...

The French Quarter of New Orleans is the site for a new national campaign against the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus, an exotic species that now infests 13 states. The campaign includes the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Agricultural Research Service, the Louisiana State Uni...

A weak link in the implementation of effective termite baiting techniques is reliable recruitment of termite foragers to baits. Little is known about how termites locate food sources, but many factors may influence whether foragers find and recruit to a given bait. These include the abundance and pa...

Prevention of termite attack is preferable to remedial control. This can be accomplished through good architectural design, use of termite-resistant building materials, installation of physical or chemical barriers to prevent subterranean termite penetration, and possibly also installation of termit...

Recruit* AG is the above-ground baiting element of the Sentricon® Termite Colony Elimination System which is used to protect structures from termite infestation and damage. It is designed to be placed directly over active structural infestations of subterranean termites. Experience has shown that mu...

Monitoring stations of were used to observe foraging and feeding behavior of Reticulitermes at the Institute of Forest Genetics (IFG) near Placerville, and at a site in Novato. At IFG 53 monitoring stations were used by cuticular hydrocarbon phenotype A, 10 by phenotype B, and 5 by phenotype C. At N...

Urban entomology has grown dramatically in the last 25 years and has attained a disciplinary status within the entomological and pest management community. As urban centers have grown throughout the world, the importance of the control of arthropods and insects associated with humans and their struc...

The applied objectives for bait-toxicant against subterranean termites are at minimum the suppression of foraging activity and ideally the elimination of the entire colony population. Subterranean termite colonies containing hundreds of thousands to millions of individuals may forage up to I50 m in ...

Determining termiticide performance has, historically, been conducted by assessing attack of wooden boards placed over treated soil. This method was developed by the USDA-FS Gulfport laboratory, and is referred to as the ground-board test. A modification of this involves pouring concrete over the tr...

Bait toxicants were evaluated against Formosan subterranean termites infesting 61 river-bound trees in Lake Charles, Louisiana. This afforded a natural setting from which termite colonies could not escape and bait efficacy could not be misinterpreted by colony movement away from the study site. Of 1...

The results of a four year study with six termiticides including: bifenthrin, chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, fenvalerate, permethrin, and isofenphos indicate significant differences in effectiveness among products applied to different soil types in Texas. Each of the five field test locations represent...

Soil termiticide treatments provide a bamer to exclude soil-borne termites from structures. The vast populations of subterranean termites are generally unaffected by the termiticide application. In the future, monitoring, exclusion (physical or chemical bamers), and population suppression devices (b...

A population of the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, detected in February 1992, was determined to be well established within a limited residential area of La Mesa, San Diego County, California, U.S.A. The large size of workers and soldiers, and annual swarms of reproduc...

No choice feeding tests, Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar) weekly survival and feeding on two bait toxicants was compared for sound sweetgum blocks and those decayed by Gloeophyllum trabeum (Pers. ex Fr.) Murr. At 100 ppm, imidacloprid and sulfluramid showed promise for subterranean termite control. ...

The distribution of cypermethrin (Demon@) affected by formulations and surfactants in a sandy loam soil was determined. Eight treatments consisted of Demon TC (25.3 % cypermethrin, emulsifiable concentrate) or Demon Wettable Powder (40.0% cypermethrin) with 0.25% A1 concentration mixed with or witho...

A new class of chemistry, the fluorosulfonates, is being developed for the control of structural pests such as ants and termites. The novel bait chemistry has been found to be effective over a wide range of dose dependent concentrations over most structural pests. A brief review of the data is prese...