ICUP Proceedings Search

Rodentia is the biggest family in the order of Mammalia, with over 40% of the species. The populations of a relatively few species that live in close association with humans sometimes cause economic damage or become threats to the health of humans or domestic animals. A few species of rodents are st...

The knowledge about prevalence of different zoonotic bacteria in rodents is a priority in the surveillance systems in public health. Salmonelosis, Campylobacteriosis, or Listeriosis are some of the most important zoonotic diseases. Their presence, prevalence and distribution is a valuable informatio...

A rodent infestation in a food manufacturing, distribution or retail facility threatens both the integrity and safety of the food supply. The consequences of a rodent infestation in food manufacturing facilities can include failing audits, regulatory fines, product recalls and - in extreme cases - p...

Anticoagulant rodenticides are the most commonly used pesticides worldwide that inhibit blood coagulation by suppressing the activity of the vitamin K epoxide reductase (VKOR). Resistance to these compounds has been reported in multiple rodent populations in different countries, and numerous studies...

Rodents are frequent pests on a farm environment in Brazil. Their presence usually is related with general animal stress, loss of productivity and food waste. Among several species that may occur on this kind of facility, there is Rattus rattus, also known as the roof rat. The aim of this study was ...

Rodents are considered one of the animal pests with the greatest impact on agricultural production and public health. Anticoagulant rodenticides (ARs), used as one of the most effective ways to control rodent populations worldwide. ARs inhibit the vitamin K 2,3-epoxide reductase (VKORC1) enzyme caus...

Rats pose a significant problem to society (zoonoses, severe property damage and food loss). The urban environment favours high population density, especially of the Brown rat (Rattus norvegicus). Due to high food availability and the presence of attractive habitats for rats in urban parks and garde...

Rats pose a significant problem to society (zoonotic diseases, severe property damage and food loss). The urban environment favors high population density, especially of the Brown rat (Rattus norvegicus). Increasingly high infestation levels are observed, in particular where human presence is high (...

New technologies have the potential to transform Pest Control Operator techniques and to reduce environmental impact through a green revolution. Internet of Things (IoT)-based application development platforms have the potential to run Autonomous management tools capable of monitoring real-time even...

Urban Pest Management Programs demand spatial information. Madrid City Council has been incorporating Geographical Information Systems (GIS) for the last three decades. As a result, Health Madrid’s Vector Control Department (DCV) has improved urban pest management notably. Systematic rat control wit...

The house mouse (Mus musculus) can carry infectious zoonotic agents, including lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). Human LCMV infections are mostly asymptomatic but can cause aseptic meningitis and neurologic birth defects. Serological prevalence in the US is 2-5% in humans and 5% in rodents,...

Assessment of the biocidal products against urban pests are based on robust methodologies, which are described in various European guidelines. The guidelines are regularly improved thanks to experience gained during biocidal product assessment, and European technical expert meetings. The objective i...

Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria are shared between humans and animals but also the intra- and the inter-species exchange of resistance genes are common among bacteria. Multidrug-resistant bacteria have already been identified from sewage samples but there is little data regarding the potential rol...

Stored product pests are not typically called urban pests, however because of urbanisation and the concentration in towns and cities of the population world-wide, silos and other types of grain warehouses and mills are also nearer to cities or are even built right into the cities. One of the greates...

BASF have developed a non-anticoagulant rodenticide soft bock bait, Selontra® (0.075 % cholecalciferol). In mammals, cholecalciferol toxicity causes death by hypercalcemia - the calcification of soft tissues such as heart, kidney, liver, stomach (inducing a stop-feeding effect). The resulting “stop-...

Alternatives to anticoagulants have presented limitations in their use and/or efficacy. BASF have developed a non-anticoagulant rodenticide bait containing cholecalciferol (vitamin D3). A beneficial feature of cholecalciferol is that it is effective against all anticoagulant resistant strains of rat...

House mice (Mus musculus) like other rodents emit ultrasonic vocalisations (USVs) as a form of communication; their call types are diverse and form a vital role in their everyday lives. In January 2019 wild strain mice housed within a mixed pen environment showed an observed shift in the length, fre...

The current urban rodent control servicing model which relies very heavily on baiting with rodenticides is being increasingly challenged, and two studies are reported here that attempt to ‘go back to the basics’ of rodent behavior in order to investigate new avenues for innovation. The ability of se...

The aim of this study was to find out whether pests on the Utrecht University campus and environs were vectors for ESBL/AmpC-producing bacteria and/or methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Samples were collected on and around campus in educational buildings, an aviary, the university p...

Rodents are frequent pests on a farm environment in Brazil. Among several species that may occur on this kind of facility, there are Rattus rattus and Mus musculus, also known as the roof rat and mouse, respectively. The aim of this study was to evaluate the comparative palatability of 6 distinct bl...

The Public Health Agency of Barcelona (ASPB Catalan acronym) is in charge of the surveillance and control of pests, such as some rodents, in public green areas and sewage system of the City. In the context of recent legal restrictions on the use of rodenticides, the control in green surfaces through...

Pests in the home are a health risk because they can be reservoirs or mechanical vectors for several bacterial, parasitic, fungal and viral disease agents. Other associated health risks are allergies and damage to building structure by gnawing. The aims of this study were to use a social cognitive m...

In 2013-2016 annually questionings of the Moscow and Kostroma (Russian Federation) populations was carried out in July and October for detecting brown rats’ habitats. The suitability of this method for reconnaissance evaluation of their spatial distribution, taking into account the nature of favorab...

This paper presents data from the development of a new paste-based formulation containing the acute rodenticide chloralose (RapidPro) in order to assess its suitability as an alternative to anticoagulant rodenticides. Albino mice were single caged and offered a chloralose formulation in a standard ‘...

PiedPiper was born out of the desire to move rodenticide control away from the current multi-feed technology that leads to toxin resistant rats and mice. Our approach was to develop a single application methodology that would prevent the protracted times to death and also avoid the increase in toler...

In recent years we have lost many rodenticide products, and seen increased regulatory restrictions on the way in which remaining products may be used. In the food industry, client-imposed restrictions further limit usage options. House mice (Mus domesticus) remain a major challenge to control, even ...

The UK Rodenticide Stewardship Regime has been implemented to promote the nation-wide adoption of best practice in rodent pest management, in particular the use of the second-generation anticoagulants (SGARs) by professionals. The main objective of the regime is to minimize exposure of non-target wi...

Ekomille trap is an electromechanical and ecological system for the capture of mice and rats. The trap is baited with natural foods without any type of toxic bait and it is able to capture over 80 rodents. In the present work are reported results of field trials carried out to evaluate the Ekomille ...

Ticks and their caused diseases lyme disease and TBE are an increasingly discussed topic in Switzerland. The habitat preferences of ticks have been studied frequently, but there exist almost no data about the abundance of ticks in urban areas. Due to that, the purpose of this study was to examine th...

A genetic resistance to anticoagulants, and bait shyness, have made baited approaches to rodent management less effective. Baiting approaches rely on the rodent to consume the anticoagulant; however, there is no guarantee that effective amounts of the rodenticide will be ingested. The consequence of...

In November 2000, Water UK (a representative organisation which brings together all the water and waste water utilities) and the Local Government Association (A national voice for local government in the UK), published the National Sewer Baiting Protocol which listed a number of principles that Wate...

Control of Rattus norvegicus in Brazil is frequently made by applying wax blocks and, more recently, with extruded blocks containing a second generation anticoagulant a.i., where wax blocks have shown low attractiveness. We conducted two field studies to evaluate the attractiveness of a wax block (K...

This paper describes the control of a mice infestation of a bakery in Lyon (France). Where other anticoagulant molecules used for the treatment of the situation failed, the use of difethialone grain showed a great efficacy in the control of this population. Live mice captured on the site where genet...

The webbing clothes moth Tineola bisselliella is economically the most import pest on wool, fur, and feathers. The larvae cause damage in stores, museums and households. Infestation can be through import of infested material or by new infestations out of natural reservoirs. Natural reservoirs are be...

Efforts aimed at reducing a rodent population to an acceptable size must be proportional to how effectively the rodents resist damaging factors. There is a positive correlation between population complexity and resistance, which means that as many independent methods as possible must be devised to c...

Aiming at determining the population of rodents before and after the chemical treatment promoted by the City Hall of the city of São Paulo, the prevalent species, development phase and sexual ratio were recorded. Also the presence of ectoparasites and the isolation of zoonosis agents, with an emphas...

The present study diagnosed diseases present in Rattus rattus by histopathology. The material consisted of 43 specimens captured in the eastern city of São Paulo – Brazil. The animals were necropsied, and the organs were processed histologically and stained with hematoxylin-eosin. Microscopic analys...

The University of Reading has conducted some preliminary work on the prevalence of Campylobacter spp., Salmonella spp. and Arenavirus in Norway rats trapped from farms and semi-urban areas in central southern England. Campylobacter is the cause of a notificable disease in the UK, with 57,772 cases r...

Leptospirosis is a zoonosis caused by a bacterium of the genus Leptospira in animals and humans; the latter are accidental hosts. A zoonotic disease is transmitted from animal to animal and from animal to man. The city of São Paulo, through the Office of Citizen Service (CAS), has recorded an increa...

This paper evaluated the attractibility, palatability and efficacy of bromadiolone paraffin block exposed for 30 days to environmental conditions. It was used four groups of white Wistar rats: two groups received no-exposed blocks (control group) and two groups received blocks exposed for 30 days to...

Rodent control in São Paulo involves rodenticide applications, including bromadiolone formulated as paraffin block used in culverts to Rattus norvegicus control. After application, the blocks are subject to environmental conditions that may change its appearance and bromadiolone concentration. This ...

The most common species of bed bugs in the world is Cimex lectularius Linnaeus, 1758. This species prefers to feed on human blood and causes several health effects like skins rashes, psychological effects and allergic symptoms. In the developed world bed bugs were largely eradicated as pests in the ...

For indoor control of Rattus rattus it is recommended the use of rodenticide baits formulated as pellets containing different active ingredients, among which, the bromadiolone. In practice, the packs containing pellet formulations are partially opened and placed in the indoor buildings until their i...

The rats control in environment involves the chemical control using poison baits that are composed by paraffin blocks, mixture of seeds or pellets in packs. Some products used in pest control are natural organic certified rodent. These materials can be distributed externally or around the places usi...

For the development of a methodology for the population management of brown rats, taking into consideration seasonal population dynamics in space and in time, as well as changes in the age composition of the population, two experiments were held. One of them was conducted in the rice fields of the K...

The use of bait in a bait station may significantly alter bait acceptance, and consequently its efficacy for rodent control. Here, we describe a method for efficacy testing of rodent bait stations under laboratory conditions. Bait stations are tested in an experimental setup of three test chambers (...

Rattus rattus is considered to have a less omnivorous diet than R. norvegicus, preferring fruit, seeds and grains. Therefore, the efficacy of existing commercial (Sorex) difenacoum rodenticide bait formulations against R. rattus was uncertain and studies were undertaken to determine their efficacy. ...

Nine species, 168 individuals of rodents were live trapped and examined for parasitic arthropods in 24 localities in khoramabad from July 2002 through May 2003. Seven species of ectoparasites were collected: 1 species of sucking lice (Anoplura), 3 species of fleas (Siphonaptera), immature stages of ...

Rodents are one of the main health problems in the cities, especially in ports. These animals make economic damages and are potential health dangers in Bandar Abbas, the main economic southern port of Iran. In this study, rodents were captured with live traps using tomato, cucumber and cheese baits ...

Rats ( Norway rat and roof rat ) and mice are commensal rodents, that is, they live in close association with human. Rodents cause numerous problems such as spread serious diseases, consume or contaminate food supply, carry ectoparasites which potentially spread diseases, start fires and cause great...

Rodents are able to transfer more than 35 diseases to human and also cause huge damages on the economy of many countries. Khoram-Abbad district is located in mountainous area, Zagrous mountain chains, Southwest of Iran. Due to presence of varying ecosystems in this district, many species of rodents ...

Since first identified in the 1980’s, Lyme Disease has become the most widely diagnosed vector-borne disease in the United States. Lyme Disease occurs from the infection of human and animal hosts by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi. Infection of hosts results from the bite and completion of a succ...

New findings on the geographical distribution and ecto- and endoparasites of Rattus norvegicus, Rattus rattus, and Mus musculuswere recorded in 1999-2000. Seven specimens ofR. rattuswere trapped in the coastal plain of Israel, six of these in the Haifa area and one in Tel Aviv. Up to this record, th...

Field trials involving seventy rural households from three villages in Mozambique were established to test whether intensive daily trapping inside household-level food stores could effectively reduce rodent pest populations. The main species caught inside dwellings where food was stored were Rattus ...

The impacts of exotic rodent species, particularly the Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus), the ship rat (Rattus rattus), and the house mouse (Mus musculus) on economic, production, health, and conservation values are widely recognised around the world. Developing strategies for the effective management ...

The purpose of this demonstration project was to evaluate the effectiveness of three integrated pest management (IPM) treatment plans in controlling structural and institutional pests in public schools. IPM strategies evaluated were: 1) exclusion, trapping, and sanitation, with no chemical inputs; 2...

The control of rats in the United Kingdom falls to various public and private sector organisations. Local authority environmental health departments do have certain legal duties related to the public health risks posed by rodents, but the way in which they meet these duties varies. This paper report...

Predictions for world human population trends predict exponential growth. The close relationship between commensal rodents and human populations suggests that the commensal rodent population may also increase exponentially, perhaps most dramatically in those areas which are least able to cope. The p...

By the year 2025 about 61% of the world’s population will be living in urban areas, especially in developing countries. The urban population will double from 2.4 billion in 1995 to 5 billion in 2025. The world’s urban population is growing 2.5 times faster than the rural population. The impact on he...

In woodlands of Western Europe, rodents like yellow-necked mice (Apodemus flavicollis Melchior) or bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus Schreber) play an important role in the natural circulation of B. burgdorferi sensu lato. It was possible to catch a total number of 120 small mammals (only first ca...

At the National Reference Laboratory for Insect and Rodent Control at the National Institute of Public Health, there have been elaborated three methodical instructions concerning the regulation of populations of synanthropic rodents, feral cats, and urban pigeons. Up to the time of their publication...

Records of visits to 22,615 dwellings in the London Borough of Southwark, for period October 1993 to December 1998, were examined. Data were analysed for ghost ants (Tapinoma melanocephalum Fab.), pharaoh ants (Monomorium pharaonis L.), house mice (Mus musculus L.) and brown rats (Rattus norvegicus ...

The effective disposal of solid refuse from the urban environment is a fundamental requirement for a healthy city. Waste materials may be classified according to their origin and disposal technique. Municipal solid waste (MSW) is waste produced by the home, retail sector, offices, hotels, and simila...

The pest control industry has historically been driven by the developments of new and better chemistry. Equipment needs of the industry have traditionally lagged behind the needs of the industry - leaving pest control companies to often invent and modify their own equipment. With the effectiveness o...

In the light of global warming and the predicted enlargment of chloroquine-resistant malaria -endemic areas, it has to be seen whether other alternate antimalarial drugs have effects similar to those of chloroquine in increase transmission. Compared to studies on antimalarial drugs and ability of th...

In 1971-72 a large-scale, city-wide campain against Norway rat was carried out by Bábolna Bio in Budapest. The rat infestation rate of premises fell to an average level below 0.5%. Subsequently a complex maintenance program was undertaken. This comprised preventive and curative measures based on dat...

Pest control in urban environment can be carried out either sporadically or in a concentrated way, covering large areas. The efficacy of organized pest control programs comprising large parts of cities or even whole cities is far higher than the success of separate control works done by individual m...

The rapid breakdown of the Soviet Union into many independent, mostly ethnic states, heralded a new historical era with tremendous political, social and economic anomalies. And while the newly formed entities are being hailed as a triumph for individual freedoms and political democracy, the social a...

Five representative types of bakeries were surveyed in the city of Riyadh, K.S.A. to ascertain pest situations and various schemes on pest control management. The principal pests include stored product pests (e.g., Tribolium confusum Duval, Tribolium castaneum (Hbst.), Mus musculus and Rattus rattus...

Pest Management is an important environmental health function and the eradication of chronic pest infestations must be considered a priority in contributing to effective public health. This is especially true in a hospital environment where, in addition to aesthetic objections, the presence of infes...