CHARACTERISTICS AND GLOBAL POTENTIAL OF THE INSECTICIDAL FUMIGANT, SULFURYL FLUORIDE

Abstract:
Global potential of sulfuryl fluoride (SF), S02F2, the active ingredient in Vikane* Gas Fumigant is being reexamined in light of recent regulatory pressures on competitive fumigants. Researchers in Europe and Japan are investigating the utility of SF as an alternative to Methyl Bromide for control of wood-infesting insects in imported lumber and structures. Presently, SF is the primary structural fumigant in the United States of America for eliminating Drywood termites (Kalotermitidae). Woodinfesting beetles such as Anobiidae and Lyctidae and common household pests such as Carpenter ants (Camponorus spp.) and cockroaches (Dictyoptera) also are target pests. SF is not an appropriate alternative for some MB uses such as soil and food commodity fumigations. SF is odorless and colorless, has a high vapor pressure and low boiling point, does not react with household items, is only slightly soluble in water. It rapidly desorbs from materials and aerates from structures. SF is highly toxic to both plants and animals. Insect eggs are less susceptible to SF than are the more active larval and adult stages. SF is not considered to be an ozone depletor or to significantly impact any global environmental processes. Lethal dosages are species specific, and for insects, are temperature dependent. Dosages are calculated using the formula: concentration of fumigant x exposure time. Length of exposure and quantity of fumigant introduced into a structure can be varied by the fumigator to satisfy economic and practical considerations.